The Yajur Veda

BOOK THE FIRST

1Strainer of Vasu art thou. Thou art heaven. Earth art thou. Thou art Mataiisvan's caldix)n. Thou art the All-container. Stand thou firmly, secure by Law Supreme, ati4 do not totter. Nor be thy Lord of Sacrifice unsteady.-^

2Thou art the strainer, hundred-streamed, of Vasu. Thoa art the strainer, thousand-streamed, of Vasu. May Savitar the God with Vasu's strainer, thousand-stream- ed, rightly cleansing, purify thee.

3Which didst thou milk 1 This is the cow Visviyu^ This. Visvakarman. This is Visvadhayas. Thee, Indra's share, with Soma do I eurdlci Be thou protec- tor of the oblation, Vishnu.

4I will observe the vow. Lord of Vows, Agni \ May I have- strength therefor. Success attend me. Now into truth from untruth do I enter.

5Who is it that unites thee \ He unites thee. For what doth he yoke thee % For that he yokes thee. You two for work, you two for its completion.

6Stravner of Vaiut cleanser, purifier, of the- sacrifice; vatvL meaning: originally good, kind, wealthy. This paviiram or strainer, made of two or three blades of Kusa grass or Darbha ( Poa Cynosuroides ), used at religious^ ceremonies, is fastened with this formula on the- hidden Pal&sa or Sam!" branch ( verse 1 ). Thou art heaven : he put& the t^dli or cooking-pot on the G&rhapatya fire, and addresses it. He calls it heaven because as an: implement of sacrifice it nids in producing rain. Earth r as being made of clay. Mdtarifvarii caldron : a fanciful expression for the atmosphere or mid-region of air, M&tarisvan being here identified with Tdyu the Wind- God. Lord of Sacrijkt : the yajamdha or householder ^bo institutes and takes part in the sacrifice. The strainer is thevt put on the cooking-pot, and addressed.

7Purify thee : the milk which is to be used in the Agnihotra sacrifice.

8Which didst thow ntilk f .- this is properly part of verse 3. In reply to* this question, thrice repeated, of the Adhvaryu, the milker ( who may be any one above the rank of a SMra ) mentions the ordinary name of each of the three cows, and the Adhvaryu gives her a sacrificial name, thereby^ imparting to her the virtues and powers which the name signifies. Viwdyu r All-life-containing. Visvakarman :^ AU-efNictiiig» Visvc^hdyas i All-sup- porting. Thee : the milk which is now removed from the fire. The mixture is then covered over with a vessel not made of earth, and entrusted to the guardianship of Vishnu or the sacrifice.

9Spoken by the sacrificer who with his- wife is about to take the pres- cribed vrata or vow of abstinence from certain food and enjoyment during the performance of the ceremonies. Lord of Vows : Agni b said to be the Gods' Fra<apa<i, Lord or Keeper of vows. Trnth: reality, godhead. Un* truth : unreality, perishable humanity ; th»t is^ ' i attain to a divine body- and am no longer a mere man.' Be is thus beuod to speak nothing but the truth.

10Unites thee t : places the vessel containing the water, which has been formally brought forward, by the side of the Ahavanfya fiiel The queatiott VERSE 11.] WHITE YAJURVEDA. S

11Scorched are the fiends, scorched the malignant beings. Burnt out are fiends, burnt out malignant beings. Throughout the spaciovs middle air I travel

12Thou art the yoke. Injure thou him who injures. Harm him who harm us. Harm the man we injure. Thou art the Gods' best carrier, bound most firmly, filled fullest, welcomest, Gods' best invoker.

13Thou art unbent, receiver of oblations. Stand firmly in tby place and do not totter. Nor be thy Lord of sacrifice unsteady. Let Vishnu mount thee. To the wind lie open. The demons are expelled. Let the five grasp it.

14By impulse of God Savitar I take thee with arms of Asvins, with the hands of Piishan, Thee dear to Agni, dear to Agni-Soma.

15Thee for abundance, not for evil spirit May mine eye look upon the light of heaven. is asked by the Adhvaiyu. For what t or For whom 1 For that : or For him : katmai, like Latin cui, being either masculine or neuter. The mean- ing of the questions is ambiguous, the interrogative pronoun lea, Who f, in all its cases beins also regarded as a name of Praj&pati, Lord of Creatures. ing the Agnihotras, and the winnowing-basket with which chaff and grain are separated. Work : the sacrifice. The words ' I take ' are understood.

16Scorched: the ladle and winnowing-basket are heated, to sTmbolize the expulsion of malignant spirits who infest the air, after which the Adhvaryu is free to move in all directions.

17The Adhvaryu addresses the yoke {dhur) of the cart which contains the grain and other elements of sacrifice. Injure: dh^rva. The play on the word is lost in translation. Bound most firmly: satnitamam; or, in accordance with the etymology of the word, best provider, most libend giver.

18He addresses the cart Vithj^u : the sacrifice. Lie open : he addresses the rice. The five: his fingers, with which, when he has mounted the cart, he touches the rice.

19By impulee: prasam, SavUar: the Impeller and Vivifier. Aftfins: twin Light-Gods, heralds of Dawn, who are the Adhvaryus of the Gods. because an unaddressed oblation would cause doubt and contention among the Gods. dght potsherds, and that to Agni-Soma one on eleven.

BOOK THE SECOND.

20Thou art what giveth Aditi her moisture. Thou art the hair-tuft on the head of Yisbijiu, I spread thee, wool- soft, good for Gods to sit on. Hail to the Earth's Lord ! To the World's Lord Hail ! Hail to the Lord of Beings !

21For safety of this all let the Gandharva Visv^vasu lay thee round as a protection. Thou art the Sacrificer's guard, thou, Agni, lauded and worthy to receive laudation. Indra's right arm art thou. For safety laudation. For safety of This All, with firm law, northward let Mitra- Varuna lay thee round as keeper. Thou art the Sacri- ficer^s guard laudation.

22Thee, Sa<;e, who offerest to Gods their banquet, we will enkindle till thou shinest brightly, thee mighty in the sacrifice, Agni. ■ * — ■ ITkou: the Adhvaryu addresses the fuel placed on the altar, as he unties and sprinkles it.. BUick-buck : sacrifice in the shape of a black deer : Hahidhara. AUar: which he sprinkles. Sacred gnMt: the Barhis or aacrificial grass with which the altar is covered.

23Thou : the remainder of the water, which he pours on the roots of the grass. Aditi: ih^eBXtYi, JTatr-^/iS ; this formula is addressed to the Prastara, a tied-up bunch of grass put upon the sacred grass which covers the altar. Thu : the sacred grass. Hail I etc. : the fire is enclosed with three fenders or fencing sticks. Any part of the oblation that falls outside these sticks is offered to Agni's three brothers who are here called respectively Earth's Lord, World's Lord, and Lord of Beings.

24Herd begins the ceremony of laying the pmdh%9 or enclosing^sticks, made of Pal&sa or other sacred wood, round the sacrificial fire. Vigvdvcuu : Lord of all treasure ( see K. V. X. 85. Si ; 139. 4, 5.), chief of the Gan- dharvas, a class of celestial beings closely connected with light and the aerial waters. Thee : the first enclosing-stick, placed on the west side of the fire. Indra*8 arm : the second stick, placed on the south side. The third stick is laid on the north side. Mitror Voeruna : Mitra ( the Friend ) is the Ir&nian Mithra and identified with the Sun. Varuna ( Encompasser), origi- nally the starry heaven, is the chief Vedic deity next to Indra.

25A eamidk or kindling -stick is applied to light the fire. Tku: the Ahavauiya fire.

26Thou art a kindler. From the east let Surya keep thee secure from every imprecation. You are the arms of Savitar. I spread thee as soft as wool, good for the Gods to sit on. On thee sit Yasus, Rudras, and Adityas !

27Thou who art called Juhii art rich in fatness. On this dear seat, with the dear home, be seated. Thou, Upabhrit by name, art rich in fatness. On this be seated. In the Law's lap they have sat down in safety. <jruard these* Ouard thou the Sacrifice, Yishnu. Keep thou the Sacrifice's Lord in safety.

28Agni, Winner of the Spoil, I cleanse thee, thee who wilt hasten to the spoil, Spoil-winner. Obeisance to tbe Gods ! Svadh& to Fathers ! Be both of yoa easy for me to handle. S May I to-day offer Gods unspilt butter. Let me not with my foot offend thee, Yishnu, Agni, may I approach thy shade abounding in store of riches. Thou art Yishnu's mansion. Hence Indra wrought his deed of manly vigour. The sacri- fice stood firmly elevated.

29Thou : a second kindliDg-stick is applied and addressed. From the east : as it is protected by enclosiug-sticks on the three other sides. SHrya : the Sun-God, the expeller of evil spirits who would disturb the sacrifice. You: two blades of grass laid cross- wise on the grass which covers the altar. of deities eight in number, associated with Indra, and, in later texts, with Agni. Rvdra* : a group of deities, sons of Rudra, eleven or thirty- three in number. Adityas : sons of Aditi, a class of Gods of whom Varuna is chief. Six are enumerated in R. V. II. 27. 1. In R. V. IX. 114. 3 they are eaid to be seven in number, and in R. V. X. 72. 8 eight.

30The Adhvaryu addresses and takes hold of three offering-spoons or ladles made of different sorts of Wood, the Juhd, the Upabhrit, and the Dhruvft, which he lays down in order, the first on the Prastara and the others on the Barhis or altar-grass beneath it The Law's lap : the bosom of sacrifice. Vishnu : the sacrifice.

31SpoU : or food, according to Mahldhara. / deanse : he trims the fire. oblation to the Fathers, Manes or Spirits of deceased ancestors. The word means also the fo'>d offered to them. Both of you : the offering spoons called Juhd and Upabhrit.

32With my foot : be must step to the south side of the altar with the left loot in advance of the right, and return with the right foot before the left. starting from this place of sacrifice. His deed; the slaughter of the drought- demon Vritra. Fh-mly elevated ; securely established and uninterrupted after Indra's victory. VBRSE 14.] WEITM TAJUJtVEDA. 11

33Agni, undertake the Hotar's office, take on thyself the duty of an envoy. Heaven and Earth guard thee! Guard tbou Earth and Heaven. May Indra be, by this presented butter, maker to Gods of fair oblation. Svahll ! Let light combine with light.

34Indra bestow on me that Indra-power ! May wealth in full abundance gather round us. Let blessings wait on us, yea, real blessings. Our Mother, Earth, hath been invited hither. May Earth, our Mother, in return invite us. I, through my Kindler- sbip, am Agni. Svkhk !

35The Father Heaven hath been invited hither. May Heaven the Father in return invite us. By impulse of God Savitar I receive thee with arms of Asvins, with the hands of P{i8han. I feed upon thee with the mouth of Agni.

36God Savitar, this sacrifice of thine have they proclaimed unto Brihaspati the Brahman Priest. protect thou me.

37The butter's rapid flow delight his spirit ! Brihaspati extend this act of worship. May he restore the sacrifice uninjured. Here let all Gods rejoice. Ox ! Step thou forward.

38This is the stick for kindling thee, Agni. By means of this grow strong and swell to greatness. May we too grow in strength and swell to greatness. O Agni, thou who winnest food, I cleanse thee, thee who hast hastened to the food. Food- winner. .. . > ■ ■ ffotar*8 : sacrificer's or invoker's ; he is the chief priest with whom the AdbTaryu is associated. Envoy : messenger to the Gods to whom he bears oblations. Sv4h4 1 : a sacrificial exclamation : Ave ! Hail ! Benedictio sit ! now mixes.

39TluU Indra-power: the great power which I hope for. The formula is muttered by the Sacrificer. May %oealth, etc.: taken from R. Y. 1. 98. 3. Earth : Prithivi ; the broad, expansive one.

BOOK THE THIRD.

40To Agui Jatavedas, to the flame, the well-enkindled God, Offer thick sacrificial oil.

41Thee, 8uch,0 Angiras, with brands and sacred oil we magnify, O very brilliant, Youthfullest.

42Rich in oblations, dropping oil, to thee, sweet Agni, let them go. Accept with favour these my brands.

43Earth ! Ether ! Sky ! Like heaven in plenty and like earth in compass ! Upon thy back, Earth, place of sacrificing to Gods, for gam of food I lay food-eating Agni. € This spotted Bull hath come and sat before the Mother and before The Father, mounting up to heaven. burnt -oblation of milk which is obligatory on the householder during ( with some exception ) the whole of his life, and for the Four-monthly sacrifices at the beginning of the three chief seasons. Spring, Kains, and Autumn.

44This verse and the following contain texts for the Agnyddhdna, the ceremonial layiog-down or establishment of his own sacrificial fires by the young householder. Guest : Agni who is constantly maintained in mens* houses.

45Jdtavedas : knower of ( all ) beings ; Omniscient. The text is taken from R. y. V. 5. 1.

46Angiras .- Agni, as the chief messenger to the Gods. Youthfullest : youngest of Gods, as being perpetually reproduced at sacrifice. Them: the three kindling-sticks of Asvattha wood, anointed with sacrificial butter, which are put on the fire with the texts 1, 3, 4 respectively.

47Earth/ Ether! Sky: he lays down the Ahavaniya-fire on the place prepared for it, with this solemn sacrificial exclamation which is said to comprehend the Universe, the aid of which the sacrificer thus obtains. Or, according to Mahidhara, the three words refer to the respective creation of priests, nobles, and people ; or self, human beings, and lower animals. trf its stars. So numerous may my sons and cattle be. Like earth : so may I spread with my offspring, or be the refuge of living creatures.

48With the recitation of this and the two following verses, which form Hymn 189 of Book X. of the Rigveda, he offers worship to Agni and lays down the Dakshinlgni or Southern Fire. Spotted Bull: the Sun, here arepresented by Agni. The Mother : Earth. TJw Father : the Sky.

49As expiration from his breath his radiance penetrates within : The Bull shines out through all the sky.

50He rules supreme through thirty realms. Song is bestowed upon the Bird Throughout the days at break of morn.

51Agni is light, and light is Agni. Hail ! Surya is light, and light is Siirya. Hail ! Agni is splendour, light is splendour. Hail ! SCirya is splendour, light is splendour. Hail ! Light is Surya, Surya is light. Hail I

52Accordant with bright Savitar and Night with Indra at her side, May Agni, being pleased, enjoy. All-hail !

53Approaching sacrifice, may we pronounce a text to Agni who Heareth us even when afar.

54Agni is head and height of heaven, the Master of the earth is he : He quickeneth the waters' seed.

55You two will I invoke, Indra- Agni, will please you both together with oblation. Givers, you twain, of vigorous strength and riches, you twain do I invoke for gain of vigour.

56This is thine ordered place of birth whence, sprung to life, thou shonest forth. Knowing this, Agni, rise thou up and cause our riches to increase.

57Here by ordainers was this God appointed first Invoker, best at worship, to be praised at rites, Whom Apnavana and the Bhrigus caused to shine, bright- coloured in the wood, spreading to every house.

58Thirty realms : all the divisions of the world, the number being used indefinitely. The Bird : or the winged One ; the Sun, his morning song representing prayer.

59Here begin the formulas of the Agnihotra, or morning and evening oblations of burnt milk. Agni : formula to accompany the evening obla- tion. S^rya : formula to be employed in making the morning oflFering.

BOOK THE FOURTH.

60The Mother Floods shall make us bright and shining, cleans- ers of holy oil, with oil shall cleanse us. For, Goddesses, they bear off all defilement. I rise up from them purified and brightened. The form of Consecration and of Fervour art thou. I put thee on, the kind and blissful, maintaining an agreeable appearance.

61The Great Ones' milk art thou. Giver of splendour art thou : bestow on me the gift of splendour. Pupil art thou of Vritra's eye. The giver of eyes art thou. Give me the gift of vision.

62Purify me the Lord of Thought ! Purify me the Lord of Speech ! Purify me God Savitar with perfect strainer, with the beams of Surya ! ■ — ■ ■ _ - ■ ■ - ■ ■ — --■-■■■ .1 Books TV. — VIII. contain formulas for the Soma sacrifice in general.

63Place of tacHJicing : which has been carefully selected and prepared with shed, hall, etc. The Sacrificer recites the formula, holding in h is hand the avanls or two pieces of the wooden fire-drill, and grasping the chief post of the sacrificial hall. Rik^ Sdman, Yajus : by means of the verse of praise, the chanted pitalm, and the sacrificial formula. Waters : to be used in the Apsu-Dikshft or Consecration Ceremony by water or baptism. He moistens his right whisker for shaving. Plant : a blade of Kusa grass plaeed on his whisker. Knife : the razor, which is said to be a svadhitif or thunderbolt. See III. 63. Him : the Sacrificer.

64The first two lines are taken from R. V. X. 17. 10. The Sacrificera bathe in the consecrating waters. D^lement : the stain of sin as well as bodily impurity. / rise up : he steps out of the water. Thee : the linen garment prescribed for the occasion. Fervour : ardour, religious zeal, penance, or austere devotion.

65Great Ones* milk : product of the cows ; the fresh butter with which be is anointed from head to foot. Pupil art thou : the Adhvaryu anoints his eye with collyrium. It is said in the Taittiriya-Samhit^i VL 1. 5 that Vritra's eye-ball, when Indra conquered him, fell away and became ointment. sauie deity, or Brihaspati Lord of Prayer. Perfect strainer : or purifier, V4yu the wind. Lord of the strainer : or of the means of purification, the Sacrificer who has gone through the ceremony. The meaning is, May I be able to accomplish the sacrifice in accordance with my preconceived wishes. VERSE 10.] WHITE YAJURVEDA. 27 Of thee, Lord of the Straiuer! who art by the strainer purified, With what desire I purify myself, may I accomplish it.

66We come to you for precious wealth, Gods, as sacrifice proceeds.

67Sv&hd ! from mind the sacrifice. SvAhil ! from spacious firmament. Svdha ! from Dyaus and Prithivi. Sv4h& ! from Wind I seize. Sv&h& !

68To Resolution, Motive, Agni, Svahsl ! All-hail to Wisdom, and to Mind, and Agni ! PAshan, and Agni ! Ye vast, divine, all-beneficial Waters, ye Heaven and Earth and spacious Air between them, Let us adore Brihaspati with oblation. All-hail I

69May every mortal man elect the friendship of the guiding God. per him.

70Rik's, S&man's counterparts are ye. I touch you. Protect nje till the sacrifice be ended. Thou art a place of refuge. Give me refuge. Obeisance unto thee ! Forbear to harm me.

71Strength of Atigirases art thou. Wool-soft, bestow thou strength on me. Thou art the garment-knot of Soma. Vishnu's refuge art thou, the Sacrificer's refuge.

72SvlTid: Av«! All-hail ! The aacrifiee: * I grasp, or take hold of ' being understood. Various bendings of fingers and final closing of the hands are prescribed Dyaus and Prithivt : Heaven and Earth.

73These formulas, with the oblations which they accompany, are specially called Audgrabhana or Uplifting, because they raise the Sacrificfr to heaven. Resolution : the intention or purpose of sacrificing.

74Taken from B. V. V. 50. 1. Guiding God: Savitar, the Impeller and Leader.

75Two blaok-antelope skins, tacked together and stretched on the ground for consecration purposes, are addressed and touched. Counterparts : in full aco<>rd, as used in sacred ceremonies, with the recited verses and chanted hymns of sacrifice. The white on the skins resembles the llik, and the black the S&man. Thou art, etc. : he kneels with his right knee on the skin.

76He binds on and addresses a girdle of two plaited strands of hemp and one of Mufija grass. Angirases: descendants of Angiras, a semi-divin«

77THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOK IV. Thou art the womb of ladra. Make the crops produce abundant grain. Stand up erect, Tree. Protect me from harm until this sacrifice be ended.

78Prepare ye vow-food. Agni is the Brahman, Agni is sacri- fice, the tree is holy. For aid we meditate divine Intelligence, most merciful, Free-giver, bringing worship. May it guide us gently, as we would. Favour us Gods, mind-born, endowed with mind and intel- lectual might ! All-hail to them ! May they be our pro- tectors.

79Waters that we have drunk ! become refreshing, become auspicious draughts within our belly. Free from all sin and malady and sickness, may they be pleasant to our taste, divine Ones, immortal, streugth- eners of eternal Order.

BOOK THE FIFTH.

80Birth-place art thou of Agni. Ye are sprinklers. Thou art Urva^i. Thou art Ayu. Thou art Pur^ravas. I rub and churn thee with Gllyatri metre. I rub and elium thee with the Trishtup metre. I rub and chum tliee wkb the Jagati metre.

81Be ye for us one-minded, be ono-thoughted, free from spot ajud stain. Harm not the saorifiee, harm not the sacrifice's lovd. Be kind to us this day, Omniscient Ones !

82Preserver fh>m the curse^ Son of the Bishis, Agni is active having entered Agni. Here for ua kindly with fair worship offer oblation to the tiods with care unceasing. Sv&h& !

83For him who fiies around and rashes onward I take thee^ lor T^ttnap4t the mighty, the very strong, of aO-anrpaas- ti)g Tigour.

84Tb« Adhvaiyu takee the hams or sacrifidal food* that b^ the eleteii ta. ol «^Ualio«» ftOBft the G«rt» and addresses it with the formnJEa^ Thmt : thft iMcredlood. ^*^*T*" ^"^^^^^ ^^^n^^mAii^ t^ m^^mk^i. ^^ gc^i..^ tk^ j Ur ^ *4 the sactiftce^ Tkm: '1 take* undecatood. iWcom: thai hmghit th« SiMM ^QflA heaven. Sie E. Y. IT. 27. % Tkm: apie«aolweodf^fmingthek>«irpaHo£ tkefire^dE3I,in the 9|^ai^ «» frotihMed hf lanad frictiott. SprnUUnr er^ staIfion% Twg^ bladee ol Kn^ Krwe* jmead oft the fireninUU an addreaaad. the lower ^^pieGe qI the dvuL CTreafC: a cekhtvted Apaacaa ar aymiPhk 4y« .* the btdklir in ^ pan ia said to be Aya the aott el Fi iaa ^ i^it^^treea » ; the hafluua hosbaad ol Urvaft and &fther o€ Ay«. Tkt m^ per weoe ol the (kiU ia addceaesd as it ia ptaeed on the lower pataaL Tht t^lariined buttor^ or saorifiee^ ia the child prodaced hy the onauL. Far tka teaewi o^ UHa^r aivi F«tr^»a«ae» see R. T. X. 95 (The Hymna e£ The Bi^ veda» YoLXLC2nd«L)ppk9V^-^90)> and MaxMilUer, ChlpafromaQar- man Wockahaops, Yol lY. (near edj pp. IQ7--1I4 Tket: Agniw 1^ ftca^ WUk ^i^ff9iri^$ta^: while vataiaifttl^»Biatrea are lecitad. il Omnmimk Ontti jOimmJtmm; ' jra^ knowera el hain^fr:* Bfajafti^

85S<m<rf tkitfinl^: prQdiii:aditiaaflrifice'l^theptieat&

86Hare ^oUowformuIaa for the T%tunaptra» a cereoMmf in whkh ThmbHt p&t. lunaUy A^ (Son ul ifinuatf. bim frutt otltet fife)i haia Y^pa tfa* VERSE 8.] WHITE 7AJURVEDA, 35 Strength of the Gods, iaviolate, inviolable still art tbou, the strength that turns the curse away, uncursed and never to be cursed. May I go straight to truth. Place me in comfort.

87Agni, Guardian of the Vow, Guardian of the Vow, in thee Whatever form there is of thine, may that same form be here on me : on thee be every form of mine. Lord of Vows, let our vows be united. May Dtksh&'s Lord allow my Consecration, may holj Fervour's Lord approve my Fervour.

88May every stalk of thine wax full and strengthen for Indra Ekadhanavid, God Soma ! May Indra grow in strength for thee: for Indra mayest thou grow strong. Increase as fHends with strength and mental vigour. May all prosperity be thine, God Soma. May I attain the solemn Soma-pressing. May longed-for wealth come forth for strength and fortune. Let there be truth for those whose speech is truthful. To Heaven and Earth be adoration offered.

89That noblest body which is thine, Agni, laid in the lowest deep, encased in iron, hath chased the awfiil word, the word of terror. SvahsL ! That noblest encased in silver, etc. Svih^ ! That noblest .... with gold around it, etc. Svih& ! pneats as a form of a^l juration or bond of friendship. Who flies, etc.: V&yu. mise which I am making. Placi mt in comfort : according to Mahidhiura, eataldiah me in the fair path, the performance of sacrifice.

90Formulas for a kind of minor Consecration. The Sacrificer exchanges persons with, and becomes, Agni. Dikih/Ci Lord : Soma, Lord of Conse- cration. Fervour: or Penance.

91The priests perform the ApyAyana, the sprinkling of the Soma with water to make it swell. Ekadhanavid : according to Mahidhara, receiver or finder of the one chief priae, {. e. Soma ; or, knower of the Ekadhanas. pitchers which hold the water which is to be mixed with the Soma.

92Formulas for the Upasads (services or sieges; Milton's * beseeching and besieging*), ofterings of butter to Agni, Soma, and Yishpu thrice daily for three days or more. Aoeordiog to the legend, the Asuras or rebel demons, having been defeated in battle by the Gods, made three castles, one of iron on earth, one of silver in mid-air, and one of gold in the sky. Agni, at the Qods* request, in the form of the Upasad deity entered aud burnt theo and they became the three bodies of Agni mentioned in the text. T fiMiJvX word : the threats of the Asuras.

93For me thou art the home of the afflicted. For me thou art the gatheriug-place of riclies. Protect me from the woe of destitution. Protect me from the state of perturbation. May Agni know thee, he whose name is Nabhas. Go, Agni, Angiras, with the name of Ayu. Thou whom this earth containeth, down I lay thee with each inviolate holy name thou bearest. Thou whom the second earth, etc. Thou whom the third earth, etc. Thee, further, for the Gods' delight.

94A foersubduing lioness art thou : be fitted for the Gods. A foe-subduing lioness art thou : be purified for Gods. A foe-subduiug lioness art thou : adorn thyself for Gods.

95Indra's shout guard thee in the front with Vasus. The Wise One guard thee from the rear with Rndras. The Thought- swift guard thee on the right with Fathers. The Omnific guard thee, leftward, with Adityas. This heatCjd water I eject and banish from the sacrifice. Adityas. All-hail ! Thou art a lioness winning BrS.hmans and Nobles. All-hail \ Thou art a lioness that wins fair ofifspring, wiu abundant wealth. All-hail ! A lioness art thou. Bfing the Gods hither for him who offers sacrifice. All-hail ! To living creatures, thee.

96The linea of the altar and of the pit from which earth is to be dug out for its construction are now marked out. Thou : ^the earUi. Thee : the earth dug out of the pit. Nabkaa: or. Vapour. Ayu: LiK, said to be a name of Agni. Before this address to Agui, the Adhvaryu throws the Sphya or wooden sword to the place where the pit is to be dug. Jlyou whom : Agni, who art in this loose dug earth which Hcatter on the place where the high altar is to be. Second. ". . . third : the ceremcmy aud he formula are repeated with these substitutions for 'this.' Thee, further : he takes up earth a fourth time.

97He sets apart the earth required for the high altar, addresses and sprinkles it.

98Indra't shout: as God of Battles. The Wise One: Tamnft, the moral Qovemor of the world, from whom no secrets are hid. The Thimght- voift : Yama, God of the Departed. The Omnific: ViBvakarmanv an abstract deity representing the Supreme God as Creator of all things. Heated toater: after having sprinkled waters on four sides he pours away the rest outside the altar place.

99With four invocations he pours butter on the four corners of the altar place, and with the fifth on the centre. Thee: the offering-ladle. * 1 raise ' understood. VERSS 17.] WBITB YA JUR VEDA . 37

BOOK THE SIXTH.

100Thou art a leader, easy, to Unnetars, of access. Know this. It will stand upon thee. Savitar, God, anoint thee with sweet butter. Thee for the t)iants laden with goodly fruitage ! Thou with thy top hast touched the sky, hast with thy middle filled the air, and steadied with thy base the earth.

101Those seats of thine which we desire to visit, where there are many-horned and nimble oxen, There, of a truth, was mightily imprinted the loftiest step of widely-striding Vishnu. I close thee in, the winner of the Brslhmans, winner of Nobles and abundant riches. Strengthen the BrUhmans, strengthen thou the Nobles, strengthen our vital power, strengthen our offspring.

102Look ye on Vishnu's works, whereby the Friend of Indra, close-allied, Hath let his holy ways be seen. seventeen or even more, is then brought to the enclosure and erected with the following formulas.

103The formula is the same as that for the erection of the Udumbara post. See V. 26. Thee : the spade.

104Thou : The first chip cut from the stake and thrown into the hole n which the stake is to stand. Leader : introducer of the stake into its recep> tacle. Unnetars: priests who pour the Soma juice into the cups. Know this: that the stake will stand on thee. Savitar^ etc. : he anoints the stake. Thee for the plants : he anoints the cap or wooden top-ring and fastens it on the stake, that rice and other plants may thrive and be productive. Thou with thy top : the stake is erected.

105He fixes the stake in the hole with the text which is a modification of R. V. 1. 154. 6. Oxen: the stars with their ever-twinkling rays. Cf. H. V. I. 106. 10.

106The Sacrifieer touches the stake and recites the verse taken from R. V. ti, performs. YEBSE 10.] WHITE YAJVRVEDA, 45

107The priuoes evermore behold that loftiest place where Vishnu is, Laid as it were an eye in heaven.

108Thoa art invested. Heavenly hosts invest thee ! Riches of men invest this Sacriticer ! Heaven's son art thou. This is thine earthly station. Thine is the heast whose home is in the forest

109Encourager art thou. The hosts of heaven have come to yearning. Gods, the best conductors. God Tvashtar, make the wealth of cattle quiet. Delightful to the taste be thine oblations.

110Joy, wealthy ones ! Brihaspati, save our riches. I bind thee with the noose of holy Ofder, thou offering to the Gods. Bold be the Slayer.

111By: impulse of God Savitar I bind thee, with arms of Asvins and with bauds of Pdshan, thee welcome unto ikgni and to Soma. Thee for the waters, thee for plants. Thy mother grant thee permission, and thy father, brother boru of one dam, thy friend, thy herd-companion. I sprinkle thee welcome to Agni-Soma.

112Drinker art thou of water. May the Waters, the Goddesses, add sweetness to the oblation prepared for Gods, even though already sweetened. ., i

113He looks up to the cap of the stake. Prvnee* : the wealthy instituton of sacrifice.

114Thou art invested : he girdles the stake with a triple band of Kusa grass. Heaven's son ; he addresses a chip of the stake which he inserts under the girdle of grass. The chip is cut from the stake which is produced froia rain which comes from heaven. TKint : the ^take is addressed.

115Formulas for binding and slaughtering the victim. Encourager : he takes up and addresses some grass which, as a companion, encourages and guards him in his work. He touches the victim with the grass and recites the text. Moits of heaven: the sacrificial animals which have consented to be immolated to the Qods. Oonductort : of the Sacrificer, to heaven. Tvcuihiar: as creator and lord of cattle. Thine oblation : he addresses the victim.* WeaUhy Ones : the cows rich in milk. / bind : he puts a. noose round the victim* EM be the Slayer : this is Mahidhara's explanation of ' dharshft m^aushah,' which seems rather to meau, as Prof. Eggeling observes, * be bold: I am (or he, the slaughterer is) a man.' * Dare, being human/ addres- sed to the Immolator, would seem to give the meaning.

116He binds the victim to the stake with the following formulas. Tku : * I sprinkle ' understood. Waters .... plants: rain and grass, to which the victim owes its existence. Mother . . . fcUher : Earth and Heaven, accord- ing to Mahldhara. Grant thee permission •' censent to thy sacrifice.

117Drinker : he holds lus^trnl water under its mouth. May the Waters : he sprinkles ^he victim's chest and belly. Thy breath : he a&oints the ani-

118THE TEXTS OP TBS [BOOK VL Thy breath joia wind, thy limbs those meet for worship, the sacrifice's lord the boon he prays for.

119Balmed, both of you, with butter, guard the cattle. Grant, Rich ! the Sacrificer's prayer. Approach thou. Meeting with heavenly Wind, from air's mid-region. Be thou united with this offering's body. Great One, lead the sacrifice's master on to a sacrifice of loftier order. All-hail to Gods ! To Gods All-haU I

BOOK THE SEVENTH.

120Sweeten the freshening draughts we drink. Soma, whatever name thou hast, unconquerable, giving life, 1*0 that thy Soma, Soma ! Hail !

121Self-made art thou from all the Powers that are in heaven and on the earth. May the Mind win thee, thee. All-hail ! for Sorya, thou nobly-born. Thee for the Deities who sip light-atoms. Truly fulfilled, Plant divine, be that for which I pray to thee. With ruin felling &om above may So-and-So be smitten, crash ! Thee for outbreathing, thee for breath diffased 1

122Taken upon a base art thou. Hold in. Rich Lord ! be Soma's guard. Be thou protector of our wealth : win strengthening food by sacrifice. - — *■■■■•■■ ■ I •• - — ' ■ Formulas for the Grahagrahana or drawing cups or libations of S<mia juice. He first presses and draws the Updipfu Graha or draught, so named from the Upftmsusavana or Low- voiced Press-stone used for the purpose. See YL 80, note.

123Flow : Soma. Vdchatpati : L<yrd of Speech ; Pr&pa, Bteath, the Genius of Life which remains in the human body as long as the power of speech. Hands: of the priests. Offshoots of the Bull: two sprigs of the mighty Soma through which the juice is poured. Flow pure : he draws a second cup.

124He draws a third oup, still addressing the Soma.

125Self -made : the Up^msugraha is said to be Prftna or Breath. 7*he Mind : meaning Prajdpati. Thee for the Deities ; he wipes off and addresses the Soma that has adhered to the cup. Sip Ught-atoms: or, according to H&btdhara, guard the motes of liglrt which are distinct from the rays of the Sun. 2Vu^ fulfilled : this formula is to be us6d when the Sacrificer wishes to invoke a curse upon an^enemy. Ptant : a sprig of the Soma plant. put thee, the cup, down. Outbreath: prdna. Breath diffused: vydna; anotlier of the five ot more vital airs, that whieh circulates or is diffused through the whole body. He puts down the Updmsu press-stone which he addreftses.

126Taken upon a base : a frequently reourring expression for an offering that is supported or held up. The base or support bemg the cup or the earth 00 which it is deposited. Here the Antaryftma Graha ( a cup to be drawn after sunrise with suppression of voice and breath) is addressed. Bold in: antarya* chha ; a play upon the word ; retain the juice in the vessel, or, withhold from our enemies certain fiendish potrers. Rich Lord : Indra is addressed.

127The heaven and spacious earth I lay within thee, I lay withia thee middle air's wide region. Accordant with the Gods lower and higher, Bich Lord^ re- joice thee in the Antary^ma.

128Self-made art thou light-atoms (verse 3 repeated). Thee for the upward breath.

129V%u, drinker of the pure, be near us : a thousand teams are thine, All-bounteous Giver. To thee the rapture-giving juice is offered, whose first draught, God, thou takest as thy portion. S These, ludra-Valyu I have been shed; come for our offered dainties' sake : The drops are yearning for you both. Taken Upon a base art thou. For Vayu, Indra-Vayu, thee. This is thy home. Thee for the close-knit friends.

130This Soma hath been shed for you. Law-strength eners» Mitra-Varuijia 1 Here listen ye to this my call. Taken upon a base art thou. For Mitra thee, for Varuna. and the kine in pasture ; And that Milch-cow who shrinks not from the milking^ Indra- Varuna, give to us daily. This is thy home. Thee for the righteous Twain. Sprinkle therewith the sacrifice. Taken upon a base art thou. Thee for the Asvins. This is thy home. Thee for the Honey-lovers. ' ■ ' ■ ■ II II 11 ,,

131Formulas for the Aindra-Vdyava Graba, libation to the dual deity Indra- Viyu. This verse is taken from R. V. VII. 92. 1. Of the pure: Soma.

132Taken from R. V. I 2. 4. Thete: Soma juices. Thou: the Soma. cup. Thy: Indra and V^yu or Indra^Vi^yu being regarded as one Deity. The dose-hnit friends : Indra and V&yu.

133Formulas for the Maitnl-Varu^ Graha, libation to Mitra- Varuna. The text ts taken from R. V. II. 41. 4,

134He mixes the Soma with milk symboliidng wealth in cattle. The text is taken from R. V. IV. 42. 10. The added formula is repeated from verse 8. JUilch-cow: wealth. The righteous Twain: Mitra and Vai^una. is e:fplaiued in the Satapatha Biihmana ( Sacred Books of the EiMt, XXVI. p. 2/2) as Rita, Right or Truth, that is, Mitra, and Ayu, Life, meaning Varuna.

135Formulas for ihe Asvina Graha, the cup or libation offered to the Asvins. Whip : this Whip is glorified in A. V. IX. 1. It sigtufiea^ perhaj^ VJSRSE 16.1 WBltE TAJVltVSDA, 53

136Thou in the first old time, as all were wont, so now drawest from bim, light-finder, throned on sacred grass; Preeminence and strength, from him turned hither, swift, roaring, who winneth those whereby thou waxest strong. Taken upon a base art thou. Thee for Sanda. This is thy home. Protect thou manly power. Sanda hath been removed, may Deities who drink the pure libation lead thee forward. Invincible art thou.

137Well stored with heroes and begetting heroes, with growth of wealth surround the Sacrificer. The Bright, conjoined with Heaven and with Earth, with the brightly-shining one. Expelled is Sar^ida. Thou art Sukra's dwelling.

138May we, radiant Soma, be the keepers of thine uninjured strength and growth of riches. This is the first all bounteous Consecration: he the first, Varuna, Mitra, and Agni.

139He is the first Brihaspati, the Prudent. Offer ye juice with Sv{lh& ! to that ludra. those that are pleased when they have gained fair offet- ings with the solemn Hail ! The Kindler of the Fire hath sacrificed.

BOOK THE EIGHTH.

140Ne'er art thou fruitless, Indra; ne'er dost thou desert thy worshipper. - But now, Liberal Lord, thy bounty as a God is poured foith ever more and more. Thee for the Adityas. ~

141Never art thou neglectful : thou guardest both races with thy care. The Soma feast, Fourth Aditya, is thy streneth. Amrit is stablished in the heaveus. Thee for the Adityas.

142The sacrifice obtains the Gods' acceptance. Be graciously inclined to us, Adityas. Hitherward let your favour be directed and be our best de- liverer from trouble. Thee for the Adityas.

143This is thy Soma drisiught, bright Aditya : take delight therein. To this mine utterance, ye men, give credence, what^ood the man and wife obtain by praying : A manly son is bum and gathers riches, and thrives for, ever sinless in the dwelling.

144Fair wealth, Savitar, to-day, to-morrow, fair wealth pro- duce for us each day that passes. May we, through this oar song, be happy gainers, God ! of a fair and spacious habitation. Libation to the Adityas.

145The Pratiprasth^tar draws the Soma from the trough into the Aditya vessel. Thee : * I pour out ' understood. Here : in the Sth4ll, howl, or pot into which he pours the juice from the Aditya vessel which is then placed on it as a cover. Them : the evil spirits.

146He draws the Aditya cup with the text firom R. V.» Yftlakhilya III. 7.

147He withdraws the cup, and again takes the juice with the text taken with a variation from R. V. Y^lakhiiya IV. 7. Both races : Oods and men. celestial Soma.

148He mixes the Aditya libation with sour milk with the text from R. Y. 1.107.1. ^

149Bright Aditya : Siirya the Sun is addressed. To this : the Sacrificer's wife recites the text which is takeu partly, and with variations, from A. Y. XIV. 2.9.

150He draws the S&vitra Graha or Cup for Savitar, with the text froA R. Y. YI. 71. 6. VEBS^^2.] WHITE TAJURVEVA. «1

151Taken upon a base art thou. Savitar's giver of delight art thou. Giver of joy art thou: vouchsaie me joy. win his share. Thee for the God, for Savitar.

152Taken upon a bade art thou. Thou art a good protector, firmly stablished. To the Great Bull be reverential homage. I^hee for the Visvedevas. This is thy home : Thee for the Visfedevas.

153Taken upon a base art thou. May it be mine to prosper the libations of thee Bphaspati's son, radiant Soma, of thee, strong Indu, mated with thy Consorts. I am in heaven above, on earth beneath it. The intermedi- ate, region was n^y father. I saw the Sun both from above and under. I am what Gods in secret hold the highest.

154Agni, associate with the Dames, accordant with the God Tvashtar, drink. Allhail ! Thou art Prajapati, strong male, impregner : may I obtain from thee, strong male, impregner, a son who shall him* self become a father. 1 1 Taken upon a base art thou. Thou art bay-coloured, Yoker of Bay Coursers. Thee for the pair of tawny-coloured horses. United with the Soma, ye, for Indra, are corn for his two tawny steeds to feed on.

155That draught of thine which winneth cows or hprses, offered with sacrificial tezt and lauded

156He adoresses the Soma in the cup.

157Be drawB from the PiUtabhrit, a vessel containing strained Soma juice, the Mah^vaisvadeva Cup or Libation to the Great AU-Qods. The Great Bull : Praj&pati. the Lord of Creatures.

158He drawn, the P&tnlvata Cup or Libation to Him with Consorts, here meaning Soma. Bjihatpati^s son : poured forth by priests whose representa- tive is Bfihaspati. Indu : drop, juice ; a common name of Soma. Contortt ; the waters with which Soma is mixed. / am in heaven, etc. : the Adhvaryu recites, identifyii^ himself in his sacerdotal character with the Supreme Self.

159H^ offers the Pfttnivata Cup to Agni. The Dames : the Consorts of the Gods ; with a reference also in this place to the wife of the Sacrificer. From thee : through thy favour. the cup.

BOOK THE NINTH.

160Thee, firmly set, settled in man, in spirit. Taken upon a hase art thou. I take thee, draught acceptable to Indra. This is thy home. Thee, welcomest to Indra, Thee set in waters, butter, realm of ether. Taken upon Indra. Thee seated in the sky, earth, air's mid-region, among the Gods and in the vault of heaven. Taken, etc. as above.

161The strength-arousing essence of the waters, gathered in the Sun, Essence of waters' essence, that, most excellent, I take for you. Taken, etc., as above.

162The Sacrificer ofTers an oblation of butter and recites the text. Celestial Gandharva : the Qod in the form of the Sun's disc, according to Mahfdhara. Lord of Speech : Praj4pati. The food: vdjam.

163Thee: the first of the five Vcljapeya Cups which he draws for Indra. Thee iet in watert : he draws the second cup. The rest of the formula is repeated from lines 2 and 8. In the »ky^ etc, : he draws the third cup. The rest as in lines 2 and 8. Soma is considered as pervading the three worlds. Earth, Air, and Sky.

164He draws the fourth cup. Gathered in the Sun : meaning the purifying Vdyu or Wind. That most excellent : meaning Praj^pati. For you : Gods. The rest of the formula is repeated as above.

165He draws the fifth cup. Handleless : or noseless, or jawless ; without spouts or side-handles. Ye twain : a cup of Soma and another of Surd, a kind of wine or beer made from rice orbarl*»y with a kind of leaven to make it ferment. See Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, p. 280.

166Thou art the thanderbolt of Indra^ dinner of wealth : with thee may this man win him riches. In gain of wealth we celebrate with praises her, Aditi by name, the Mighty Mother, On whom this Universe of life hath settled. Thereon God Savitar promote our dwelling !

167Amrit is in the Waters, in the Waters healing mediciner Yea, Horses ! at our praises of the Watsrs grow ye fleet and strong. Whatever wave, ye celestial Waters, wealth-giving, towering high, and swiftly rushing, is yours, therewith may this man win him riches.

168It was the wind, or it was thought, or the Gandharvas twenty-seven — These at the first harnessed the horse : they set the power of speed in him.

169Steed, being yoked grow wind^swift : be beauteous as Indra's right-hand steed; Omniscient Marats harness thee ! Tvash^ar put swiftness in thy feet !

170What speed, Horse, was laid in thee in secret, what passed in wind, bestowed upon the falcon. With that same strength be strong for us, Courser, wealth-winning and victorious in battle. Starting to run your course, winners of riches, smell ye Brihaspati's portion, ye Horses.

171By impulse of God Savitar, true Impeller, may I ascend Brihaspati's highest heaven.

172Here begin the formulas for the chariot-racing which is a characteristie and important part of the Vftjapeya. The Sacrificer addresses the Chariot which he takes down from its stand, draws to the south of the Cb&tv^a or pit. and places by the altar. On whom : as Earth.

173He takes water and sprinkles the chariot horses, reciting the text frum A. V. I. 4. 4., the first line of which is taken from R. Y. I. 2S. 19. Amrit: nectar or ambrosia.

174He harnesses the off horse with the text. Wind . . . thtmgkt : as em- blems of rapidity. Gandhawca : see II. 8. note ; here representing the Kakshatras, Lunar Mansions or stages through which the Moon passes* and signifying the flight of time.

175He yokes the near horse. Omniteient : or, All*po8sessing.

176He yokes a third horstf as off side-horse. In ieeret : in the region of thy heart. In battle : or, at the gatiiering (of the Qods at sacrifice), acoordr ing to the ^atapatha-Br&hmapa. BrihatpatVs portion: & mess of boiled wild -rice, dedicated to Brihaspati the representative of the priesthood. Ther horses are made to smell' it in order to assure their victory.

177The Brahman mounts a chariot-wheel placed on a post, with the lo|i lowing line of text if the Saorificer is a Br&hxnaQ. Indra: as the rdpresMi^ vsnsB u] wsiTs YAjtmrsDA, n By impalse of God Savitar, true Impeller, may I ascend the highest heaven of Indra. By impulse of God Savitar, true Impeller, Brihaspati's highest heaven have I ascended. By impulse of God Savitar, true Impeller, I have ascetided Indra's loftiest heaven*

178Brihaspati, win the prize. Lift up your voices to Bphaspati. Make ye Briha^ati win the prize. Do thou, Indra, win the prize. To Indra lift your voices up. Make Indra winner of the prize.

BOOK THE TENTH.

179Wave of the male art thoa, giver of kingship. Do thou — All-bail ! — bestow on me the kingdom. Wave of the male' art thou, giver of kingship. Do thou on So-aud So bestow the kingdom. Thou hast a host of males, giver of kingship. Do thoa — All-hail ! — bestow on me the kingdom. A host of males hast thou, giver of kingship. Do thou on So-aud-So bestow the kingdom.

180The Adhvaryu first takes water brought from the Sarasvatt, the sacred river of the earlier Hindus, and recites the text. Varuna and Mitra : pre- decessors, as Kings, of Indr^.

181Of the male : rused by a male animal, beast or man. He steps into the water, and takes the ripple that rises in front of him. Ontne: to be trans- ferred to the Sacrificer. So-and-$o : the Sacrificer who is to be consecrated Ring, and whose name he mentions. ffo»t ofmale$ : the ripples are likened to an opposing band of armed men. With this formula he takes up the wavelet that rises behind him^

182Stanzas 1 and 2 are formulas for taking water from a tank or pool— tbat in stanza 1 being mixed with Saittsvat! water ; he now takes water from a stream. So-and-So: as in verse 2. Endowed vjith strength: which is to be conferred upon the Sacrificer. He takes water that runs in the opposite direction. O'erftomng : signifying abundant wealth. He takes water that escapes from Its channel. Waters* Lord: he takes water that has been brought from the sea. Waters' chUd: he takes water from an eddy. so THE TEXTS OF TEE [BOOK X.

183With sun-bright skins are ye, givers, etc. Brilliant as Suns are ye, etc. Bringers of joy are ye, etc. Dwellers in cloud are ye, etc. Desirable are ye, etc. Most powerful are ve, etc. Endowed with might are ye, etc. Man-nourishing are ye, etc. All-nourishing are ye, etc. Self-ruling Waters are ye, giving kingship. On So-and-So do ye bestow the kingdom. Together with the sweet let sweet ones mingle, obtaining for the Kshatriya mighty power. Rest in your place inviolate and potent, bestowing on the Kshatriya mighty power.

184Brilliance of Soma art thou : may my brilliance grow like thine. To Agni Hail ! To Soma Hail ! To Savitar Hail ! To Sara- svati Hail ! To Pdshan Hail ! To Brihaspati Hail ! To Indra Hail ! To the Noise Hail ! To Fame Hail ! To Amsa Hail ! To Bhaga Hail ! To Aryaman Hail !

185Ye are two strainers, Varuiia's own possession. I make you pure at Savitar's impulsion, with flawless strainer, with the beams of Sdrya. Thou, friend of speech, heat-born, art undefeated. Soma's share art thou. Hail, ye king-producers !

186WUh tun-hrighJt shim: he takes water from a pool on which the san shines. Brilliant: rain-water that falls in sunshine. Bringertofjoy: water from a lake. DweUen tn cl(nfd: ' fold-dwellers' : Eggeling ; waters from a welL Dairable: or, perhaps, obedient : the water of dew-drops. Most powtr^ ful: he takes flowing honey. Endotoed vM might : fluids of an unborn calf. motes whloh, after taking seventeen kinds of water, he takes and mingles with them. Together : he mixes them all in a vessel of Udumbara wood. The Kthatrijfa : the piinoe who is being ooQsecrated King.

187He spreads a tiger-skin, one of the emblems of royalty, before tba Maitrftvaruna's dJmhi^d or Are-hearth, and recites the formulas. Of Soma : because Indra became a tiger after he had drunk Soma, says the Commen- tator. The tiger, in the Atharva-veda, is the king of beasts ind the type o| heroic strength and courage. See A. V. IV. 8. 4, 7. The Noi$e : of his pro- clamation as king. AfKkfa : the«ai9e of one of the Adityae. vital aire or breathings. HeaJt-bom: from fire smoke, from smoke doudt Irom cloud water. Soma*% ehare : when the priests moisten the plant with water. TERSE 10.] WHITE YAJUEVEDA. 81

188Sharers in joy are these majestic Waters, inviolate, indus* trious, investing. In these as homes hath Varuria made his dwelling, he, Child of Waters, in the best of mothers.

189Thou art the inner caul of princely power. Thou art the outer caul of princely power. Of princely power thou art the womb, the nav^l. Thou art the Vritra-slaying arm of Indra. Mitra's art thou, thou Varuna's possession. With thee to aid may this man slaughter Vritra. Cleaver art thou ; thou Render \ thou art Shaker. Protect him ye in front, protect him rearwards ; protect him side- . wards ; from all quarters guard him.

190Visible, ye men. Informed is Agni, Master of the House- hold. Informed is Indra of exalted glorv. Informed are Mitra-Varuna, Law-Maintainers. Informed is PAshan, Lord of all Possessions. Informed are Heaven and Earth, the All-propitious. Informed is Aditi who gives wide shelter.

191Appeased by sacrifice are biting creatures, Ascend the East. May Gfiyatri protect thee, the psalm Rathantara, the triple praise-song, the season Spring, and the rich trea- sure, Priesthood.

192Sharers in Joy t 'playmates' : Dggeling. He moves them into various consecration vessels of Pal^a and Udumbara wood. Investing: forming the raiment of Varuna in the ocean of air. ^est of mothers : or, most maternal, as nourishing all life.

193The royal Sacrificer puts on various garments, first a t^rpya^ perhaps a silk under-garment (See Saored Books of the East, XI^I. 85 note) which is addressed in the first formula of the verse. Inner caul: or amnion. Outer caul: or chorion ; he puts on a woollen garment which is thus addressed. ends banging down, which is thus addressed. These garments symbolize the development of an embryo till it reaches n^aturity, and the progressive stages of the King's Consecration. Vritra-slaying arm: the Adhvaryu strings a bow, an emblem of military and princely rank. Mitra's : he addresses the right end of the bow. Varuna^s : the left end. Thee : the bow. Vritra : the typical enemy ; all foes. He then gives the King three arrows, and addresses each by name. Shaker: Kshum^ ; causing the foe to tremble.

194He recites the formulas announcing and introducing the newly^consp- crated King. Visible: he stands before you. I^^^d of all possessions : or, all- knowing.

195He puts a piece of copper in the mouth of a long-haired person, that is, a eunuch, seated in the Sadas. Biting creatures : such as serpents, or lUkshasas who disturb sacrifices. Rathantara : one o( the most important Stoans, consisting of verses 22, 23 of R. V. VII. 32 = S^ma7eda II. i. i. U. triple praise-song : or Trivrit Stoma. See 13^. 33.

196Ascend the Soath. Be thy protectors Trishtwp, the Bribat Saman, the fifteenfold praise-song, the season Summer, and the treasure Kingship.

197Ascend the West. May Jagati protect thee, the psaltn Vai- rupa, the seventeenfold pi*aise-song, the Rain-time, and that store of wealth, the People.

BOOK THE ELEVENTH.

198By impulse of God Savitar we with our spirit harnessed strive With might to win the heavenly. ly thought, Who will create the lofty light — Savitar urge them on their way !

199The priests of him the lofty priest well skilled in hymns, harness their spirit, yea, harness their holy thoughts. lofty is the praise of Savitar the God.

200I yoke with prayer your ancient inspiration : may the laud rise as on the prince's pathway. to celestial dwellings. hearths for the various sacrificial 6res, and first and chiefiy for building up with about 10,800 bricks, all laid with special consecrating texts, the Uttararedi or High AUar which represents the Universe and is identified with Agni himself. This ceretnouy, called the Agnichayana requires a year for its complete performance and is of corresponding importance ( see Sacred B(K»ks of the East, XL III., Introduction ). The High Altar is con- structed in the shape of an outspread bird, probably an eagle or a falcon.

201Httmesting : applying to the holy work. Savitar: the Impeller, here meaoing Praj4pati, the Lord of creatures, who is identified with Agni, that is the Fire Altar which is now in be built. Them : oblations ; or bricks, according to Mah!dhara. With this and the seven following formulas the Adhvaryu offers an eightfold oblation, that is, a single oblation of eight dipping-spoonfuls of clarified butter poured into the offering-ladle.

202To toin the heavenly : to merit heaven by the due performance of our task.

203Having harneued : engaged them in Agni's service. By thought : or devotion, or skill. Lofty light : the Sun, Agni. On their way : to perform their task.

204Taken from R. V. V. 81. 1. The lofty Priest : Savitar ; or Agni-Praj4- pati. Well thiUed in hymns : or * inspirer of devotion ' : Eggeling. Bules : that regulate sacrifice.

205Taken from R. V. X. 13. 1. Your : referring to the Sacrificer and his wife, according to Mahldhara. Inspiration : hrahma ; according to Mah!- dhara, the vital air««, the Seven Rishi?, and Brdhmans who are engaged in the holy work. The princess pathway : the prince or noble is the Sacrificer, whose. praiee is to pervade earth and heaven. Sons of the Immortal One: the Gods whose father is Prajdpati. 88 fHE fEXfS OP f^M [BOOK tt

206Even he, the God whose going forth and majesty the other Deities have followed with their might, He who hath measured the celestial regions out by his great power, he is the Courser Savitah

207Our sacrifice, God Savitar ! speed forward : sp^ed to his share the sacrifice's patron. May the celestial Gandharva, cleanser of thought add will, make clean our thoughts and wishes. The Lord of Speech sweeten the words we titter !

208God Savitar, speed this God-loved sacrifice of ours, fiiend- findiug, ever-conquering, winning wealth and heaven. Speed praise>song with the sacred verse, Rathantara with Gayatra, Brihat that runs in Gayatra. All-hail \

209By impulse of God Savitar I take thee, with arms of Asvinte, with the hands of Pushan, in Angiras* manner, with Gayatri metre. From the earth's seat bring thou Purishya Agni, as Angiraa was wont, with Trish^up metre.

210Spade art thou ; woman art thou. Ours be power with the© to dig out Agni in his dwelling, as Angiras was woat^with Jagati metre.

211Savitar, bearing in his hand the gold spade which he took therewith. Looking with reverence on the light of Agni, raised it from the earth. With the Anushtup metre and as Angiras was wont to do.

212Kun hither, urged to speed, Horse, along the roost eztendr ed space.

213Taken from U. V. V. 81. 3.

214Repeated from IX. I. Celestial Oandharva : Savitar, the Sun-God

215Praise-song : stoma. Sacred verse : rich ; recited verse of praise, Ra- thantara: see X. 10. Bflhat: see Vll. 22; X. 11.

216Thee: the spade ( see V. 22 ; VI. 1. ) that is to be used for diggixig up earth and clay for the construction of the Altar. In Angiras' manna* : as Angiras, one of the institutors of Agni's worship, and the priestly members of his family did aforetime. Purtskya : an epithet of Agni identified with the Altar, abiding in the loose earth or rubble used as mortar to fill the spaces between the bricks and to bind them together. Mahidhara gives another meaning also : good to purUhas, that is, cattle. See III. 40.

217Woman : ndrl ; the word for spade, ahhHy being feminine. According to Mahtdhara, ndr^i. ^na-^ arih^ may mean, not having an enemy. See V. 22, note.

BOOK THE TWELFTH.

218Night and Dawn, different in hue, accordant, m^tiug to- gether, suckle one. same infautv Golden between the heaven and earth he shinfith^ The wQalth-possessing Gods supported AgnL

219The Sapient One arrays |iiiusel£ in every form : for, quadrup- ed and biped he hath brought forth good. ^ Eicellent Savitar hath looked on. heaven's high vauU.: he shineth after the outgoings of the Dawn.

220Thou art the goodly-pinioned Bird : thou hast theTrivrit ibr thy head. Gayatra is thine eye, thy wings are Biihat and Rattiantara. name. The Vamadevya S^man is thy form, the Yajfiayjyfiiya thy tail, the fire-hearths are thy hooves. Thou art the goodly-pinioned Bird : go skyward, soar to heavcLly light. Altar.

221The Sacrificer binds on his neck a circular piece of gold with twenty-one knobs sewed up in the black-antelope's skin and strung above his navel on a hempen string of three strands. The gold plate symbolises the Sun, that is, Agni, and the knobs represent the months, five seasons, the three worlds, and the Sun. He then recites the text takeu from R. V. X. 45. 8.

222With two small round mats of Mu&ja grass he takes hold of the Fire- pan and recites the text taken, with variations, from K. V. I. 96. 5, setting it down on a seat or stool of Udumbara wood as he recites the last sentence. and the seat is the ground. One same infant : Agni as the Sun.

223He ties round his neck the main cord of the suspensory sling in which the Fire-pan is to be carried about, and recites the text from R. Y. V. 81. 2. closes after the darkness of night.

224He raises up the sling, and addresses Ukhya Agni with the text. Tri^ vrit: the hymn of three triplets (see IX. 32). The hymn: meaning the Fanchadasa Stoma or form of recitation in fifteen verses. Formulas: sacri- iicial prayers and texts. Vdinadevya : belonging to V^madeva, the £Ufihi or i aspired seer of Book IV. of the R. V., the name given to various S4mauB. fiacrifice) of R. V. I. 168. 1. The text expresses the form (thftt of an eagle) in which the Fire- altar ih to be built. VSRSS 11] WBITE YAJURVRDA. 101

225Thou avt the rival-slayiag stride of Vishnu. Mount the Giyatra metre : 8t*ide along the €arth. Thou art the foe-destroying stride of Vishi^u. Mount the Trishtup metre : stride along niid-alr. Thou art the, traitor-slaying stride of Vishnu. Mount the Jagati metre : stride along the sky. Thou art the foeman-sUjing stride of Vishnu. Mount Anush- tup metre : . stride along the Quarters,

226Agui roared out like D^aus i^hat time he thunders : licking full oft the earth round plants he flicikered. forth between the earth and heaven.

227Betum to me, thou still-returning Agni, with life, with lustre, progeny, and treasure. With profit, wisdom^ riches, and abundance. S A hundred, Agni Angirasl be thy ways, a thousand thy re- turns. With increment of increase bring thou back to us what we have lost. Again bring hitherward our wealth.

228Return again with nourishment ; Agni, aig&m with food and life. Again preserve us from distress. flowing stream that fecdeth aH on every side. imnioyabte. Let all the people long for thee. Let not thy kingship fall away.

229Varuna, from the upmost bond I'el^Etse us, let down the lowest and remove the midmost. So in thy holy law may we madti sinless beleng to Aditi, thou Aditya. . : . j^ 5 fle makes four strides representing the course of Vishnu as the Suu, with an address to each stride.

230He holds up Ukbya Agni towards the east, reciting the text taken from B. V. X. 45. 4. SoufuipUnU he fikhered: * stroking the plants,* 'literally anointing ( ? either furbishing, or impregnating ' : S^peling. '7 He brings the Fire-pan lower and lower four times, reciting a text each time.

231Holding the Fire-pan above his navel he addresses Agni with the text taken, with the exception of the first Pada, from li. V. X. 173. 1.

232He unties the cord of the suspensory sling and the string of the gold disc, reciting the text taken from R. V. I. 24. 15. Varuna: addressed in the orlglaal hymn as the Moral Governor of the world, armed with ft noose dr cord with whicli he binds the wicked, 102 THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOK Xll. to us with light from out the darkuess. Fatr-shapen Agni with white-shining splendour bath filled at birth all human habitations. « 1 4 The Haipsa homed in light, the Vasfl in mid-air, the Priest beside the altar, Guest within the house, DWelleir in noblest place, mid m^n, in truth, in skj, bom of flood, kine, truth, mountain, he is holy Law. The Great.

233Knowing all holy ordinances, Agui, be seated in the lap of this thy mother. Do not with heat or glowing flame consume her : «hine thou within her with refulgent lustre.

234Within this Fire-pan with thy light, Agni; in thy proper seat. Glowing with warmth, be gracious thou, Jatavedas, unto her.

235Being propitious unto me, Agni, sit propitiously. Having made all the regions blest, in thiiie own dwelling seat thyself.

236First Agni sprang to life from out of heavcD, the second time from us came Jatavedas. Thirdly the Manly-souled was in the waters. The pious lauds and kindles him Eternal.

237Agni, we know thy three powers in three stations, we know thy forms, in many a place divided. We know what name supreme thou hast in secret: we know the source from which thou hast proceeded.

BOOK THE THIRTEENTH.

238Thou art the waters' back, the womb of Agni, around the ocean as it swells and surges. Waxing to greatness, resting on the lotus, spread forth in amplitude with heaven's own measure.

239Eastward at first was Brahma generated. Vena o'erspread the bright Ones from the summit, Disclosed his deepest nearest revelations, womb of existent and of non-existent.

240In the beginning rose Hira^yagarbha, bom Only Lord of all created being. He fixed and holdeth up this earth and heaven. Worship we Ka the God with our oblation.

241The Drop leaped onward through the earth and heaven^ along this place and that which was before it. solemn setting of various bricks, th<^ burial of the Tortoise, the disposal of the Victims' Heads, and other ceremonies connected with the construetioo of the Ahavaniya Fire-altar.

242The Sacrificer standing on the fai:ther side of the High Altar offers ao oblation and recites the test. / take Agni : in order that Agni, that is, the Fire- Altar, may be made out of Agni himself.

243Be lays down a lotus-leaf, representing the sky, on a tuft of Kuea grass, with the text which is repeated from XI. 2d.

244Upon the lotus-leaf he lays the piece of gold hung round his neck (see Xn. 1), with the text from A. V. IV. 1. 1. Brahma t or the Prayer. Prayer originated in the eastern heaven : when Vena, the Loving One, the early Sun, first rose in his glory he poured forth the type of human prayer, his morning song of joy and praise. See. III. 8, note. Accordixig to Mahldhara, Brahma here is the Sun. (yenpread the Bright Ona : or, disclosed bright flashes. According to Mahldhara, tfie Blight One» are the worlds. A'oji« existent : but possessing the potentiality of future existence^

245Ou the piece of gold he lays a goldea figure of a man, on his back, with his face eastward, a symbol of Praj&pati, Agni. and the Sacrifioeri and in- cites the two texts taken respectively from R. V. ^ 121. 1, and, with vari- ations, from R. V. X. 17. 11. ffiranyagarbha : 'the Gold Oerm,* 'Soared of Golden Light,' the Sun-God identified with Ptajftpati. Ka : Prajftpati. See I. 6, note. thus establishes the Sun in heaven. See Sacred Books of the JSaat^ XLL p. 868. The Sacrificer stands by the golden figure worshipping with tht three following formulas. Serpents: »ee two hymns addrneed to Serpentt as powerful superhuman beings, A. V. III. 26. 27. Ikmoht* darts: tent bj lUkshasas and other evil beings to bite andl^iU men. VJlib$EU.] WEITB TAJUMVSDA. IVi I offer up, throughout the ^ereu obUtioni, the Drop still moving to the commoQ dwelling.

246Homage be paid to Serpents unto all of thtm that are on earth, To those that dw^Uia air, to those that dwell in sky be homage paid«

247T6 those that are the demons' dart8» to those that lire upon the trees, To all the Serpents that lie low in holes be adoration paid«

248Or those that are in heaven's bright qphere, or those that dwell in the Suu's beams : Serpents, whose home has been prepared in waters, homage unto ihem 1

249Put forth like a wide spreading net thy vigour: go like a mighty King with his attendants. fiends with daits that bum most fiercely.

250Forth go in rapid flight thy whirling weapons : follow them 'closely glowing in thy fury. Spread with thy tongue the wingM JBames, Agni : unfet* tered cast thy firebrands all around thee.

251Send thy spies forward, fleetest in thy motion: be^ ne'er deceived, the guardian of this people From him who, near or far, is bent on evil, and let no trouble sent from thee Vercome us. li Rise xv^ Agui^ spread thee out before na, bum doi^-our foes, thou who hast sharpened Arrows. Hin^ biasing Agni ! who hath worked us mischief, consume thou utterly like diried-up stubble.

252Rise, Agni, drive off those who fight against us : make manifest thine own celestial vigour. Slacken the strong bows of the demou-driveo : destroy our foemen whether kin or stranger. I settle thee with Agni's fiery ardour. •••w

253He sits down and offers an oblation on the gold figure with butter taikea In ftre ladlefttls, reciting fire texts, demon^sbjiog obarms, taken from B. V. IV. 4. 1-6.

254Spiet: the first flames, eent forward as if to reeonnoitre. thee : with this lonnnla he lays down on Uie south side a ladle made of the wood of the K&rshmarya tree<GmeUna Arborea filled with dsrified batter. J .. 116 TBB TEXTS OP THE [BOOK XIIL

255Agnt is head and height of heaven, the Master of the earth is he : He quickeneth the waters' seed. I settle thee with the great strength of Indra.

256Thou art the leader of the rite and regioa to whioh with thine auspicious teams thou tendest. Thy light-bestowing head to heaven thou liftesty makinjg thy tongue the oblation-bearer, Agni !

257Steady art thou, sustainer, laid by Vi^vakarman in thy place. liCt hot the ocean nor the bird harm thee : unshaking, steady earth.

BOOK THE FOURTEENTH.

258Nesting, intelligent, dripping with butter , in the auspicious seat of earth be seated. prayers for our propitious fortune. Here let the Asvins, the Adhvaryus, seat thee.

259Here, Guard of Strength, with thine own powers be seated for the Gods' happiness and great enjoyment. enter with thy body. Here let the Asvins, the Adhraryos seat thee :

260Thou art the filling-stuff of earth called Apsas, May all the Gods celebrate thee with praises. and give us wealth with store of children. Here let the Asvins, etc.

261Upon the back of Aditi I lay thee the sky's supporter, pillar of the Quarters, Queen over creatures. Wave and drop of waters art thou ; and Visvftkarman is thy Rishi.

262Sukra and Sucht, seasons, both, of summer — thou art the innermost cement of Agni. May Heaven and Earth, may Waters, Plants and Agnis help, separate, accordant, my precedence. terrestrial world.

263He lays down tbe first brick called Asvinl, belonging tQ the AivilM. because tbey as the divine Adhvaryus laid* down for the GkxU the lecoiid la)-er of tbe Celestial Altar of the Universe, representing what is between the earth and the middle-air. Ukhya's : Agni*H.

264He lays down the second Asviut brick. Earth : meaning the first Imjtf. ' 3 He lays down the third Asvini brick.

265He lays down the f<»urth Asvini brick. Pilling'ttuff: pw^$ha ; * woSt' cover': Eggeliug. Aptas: according to Mahldhaia, the moisture that is the formal cause of water, op.

266He lays down the fifth Asvint briok. Aditi : Earth in the foi^n of lb* frst layer. Thou.: as constituting one season. Vi^vakarvtkan : PrajftpMi tbe Creator.

267He lays down two Ritavy/t. or Seasonal, bricks on the two SeaioBi! bricks of the first layer. * See XIII. 25. Sakra and Suchi : May -Jane Slicl JimeVuly. The formula ii aJmoat identioal with XIII. 25. VERSE 9] WEITB YAJUnVEDA. 125 Let all the Agnis 'twkt the earth and heaven gather together round these summer seasons, as the Gods gather in their hosts round Indra, Firm, with that Deity, Angtras-like, be seated.

268Ajssociate with the Seasons^ with the Modes with the Gods, with the health-establishing Gods — may the A^vins the Adhvaryus settle thee here for Agni Vaisvinara. Associate..... •..with the Vasus, etc. Associate with tbe Rudras, etc. Associate... • with the Adityas, etc. Associate with tbe Yisvedevas, etc.

269Guard thou my breath. Guard my out-breathing. Guard my through-breathing. Illume miue eye with far-reach«> ing vision. Give power of hearing to mine ear. Pour forth waters. Quicken plants. Protect bipeds. Protect quadrupeds. Send rain from heaven.

270The bead is vital vigour. Pr^j^pati became the metre. Royalty is vital vigour, health-giving metre. The Supporter is vital vigour, the Sovran Lord the metre. Visvakarman is vital vigour, Parameahthin the metre. The he-goat is vital vigour, excellent the metre. The bull is vital vigour, extensive the metre. Man is vital vi>rour, languid the metre. Tbe tiger is vital vigour, invincible the metre. The lion is vital vigour, covering the metre. The four-year bull is vital vigour, Bfihati the metre. The ox is vital vigour, Kakup the metre. Tbe steer is vital vigour, Sato- bphati tbe metre.

271He lays down five Yaitvadevl brioks, so called as beloning to the Visvo- devae or All-Gods. AsiociaU : or, in accord ; tbe brick is addressed. Moda : meaning the waters by which everythin(< was created and arranged. Health- tMtablisking Gods: the vital breathings by which life is support-ed. The four following formuias differ only in substituting * Vasas/ ' Rudras/ etc. for * the Gods.'

272He lays down the Prioabhrltas or Breath -sup porting bricks (see XIII. or Watery bricks (XIIL ^3) with five formulas, oue for eaeh bricA.

273He Uys down the nineteen V»yHsy?\s or Vital-vigour bricks, called in the Satapatha-Bi-fthmacia Cbhandasyls or Sacred-metre bricks, with a for- mula addressed to each. Accuidiug to the legend, Prajftpati after he had performed the woi:k of creation became disjointed, relaxed, or agitated^ and the cattle, having assumed the forms of the sacred metier, went from him. Then PrajApa^ in the form of the Gilyatrf, which is connected with cattle, and the other metres followed and overtook them through the vital power of the G&yatrt. The head :. Praj4pati. 12S THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOK XIT.

274The bullock is vital vigour, Pankti the metre. The milch- cow id vital vigour, Jagatt the metre. The eighteen- month calf is vital vigour, Tri»htnp the metre. The two year old steer is vital vigour, Viraj the metre. The thirty- month old ewe is vital vigour, G^yatri the metre. The three year old steer is vital vigour, Ush^ih the metre. The four year old ox is vital vigour, Anushtiap the metre. Fill up the room, etc. The dappled kine, eta All sacred songs, etc. are three texts repeated fiom XXL 54-*-56!. See also XIII. 58.

275Indra and Agni, in its place securely set the unshaking brick. Thou with thy back sunderest heaven and the broad earth and firmament.

276On the air's back let Yisvakarman set thee, thee the capa* cious, thee the far-extended. For all breath, out breath, through-breath, upward breath- ing, for high pobition, for prescribed observance, May Tllyu keep thee safe with great well-being, with secur- est shelter. lu the manner of Angiras, with that Deity. lie steady.

277Queen art thou. Quarter of the East. Wide-ruler, Quarter of the South. West Quarter, thou art Sovran. Thou Autocrat, Quarter of the North. Queen Paramount art thou, the Lofty Point.

BOOK THE FIFTEENTH.

278Drive off with might our foemen bom and living : keep off those yet unborn, Jatavedas. Benevolent in thought and spirit Uess us. Hay we remain alive : drive off our foemen.

279The Sixteenfold Stoma, strength and wealth. The Forty- fourth Stoma, splendour and wealth. Apsas art thon, the complement of Agni. As such may all the Gods greet thee with praises. and give us weedth jxrith store of children.

280Course metre. Space metre. Happy metre. Encompass- ing metre. Coven ug metre. Mind metre. Expanse metre. River metre. Sea metre. Water metre. Kakup metre. Trikaknp metre. K^vya metre. AAkupa metre. AksharapaAkti metre. Padapankti metre. Vishti^pankti metre. KshurabhriLja metre.

281Covering metre. Clothing metre. Collecting metre. Part- ing metre. Brihat metre. Bathantara metre. Group metre. Vivadhra metre. Swallower metre. Bright metre. Samstup metre. Anushtup metre. Course metre. Space metre. Vigour metre. Vigour-giving metre. Emulating metre. Spacious metre, Inaccessible metre. Slow metre. Aftk&nka metre. End olie behind.

282He lays a brick on the right, and addresses it with the formula, ' Thou art* being understood. Then one on the left with The FoHy-fourfold Stoma: etc. Then one in the middle with ' Thoii art the complmerU, etc.* repeated with * Agni * instead of * Earth ' from XIV. 4.

283He lays down the Virftj bricks, whioh are named after that metre, by sets of ten, corresponding to the ten regions of the sky, ' Thou art ' being under8t0o4 before each formula. Count: in which all living creatnree move, that is, this world. Space : the middle air or firmament. Ba/ppy: the sky. Sucompa»tinjg : the regions. Covering: food. Mind: FrajApati. fxpcunte: the Sun. River: the breath. Sea: mind. Water: Sneeeh* Rahi/p : btesth. Trihakup : upward breathing. RAvya : the three Veda^ Inhuaa: water. ^ibAaropaniM ; the heavenly world. Padapankti: this irorld. Vishidrapahletii the region or regions. Kaharabhrdja : .Bri^j^t Razor ; the ^un. 132 THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOK XV, S With the ray for truth quicken thou truth, With advance by duty quicken duty. With following by heaven quicken heaven. With union by middle air quicken middle air. With Pratidhi by Earth quicken ^rth. With support by rain quicken rain. With blowing away by day quicken day. With following by night quicken night. With clarified butter by the Yasus quicken the Yasus, With perception by the Adityas quicl^en the Adityaa.

284With the thread by prosperity Quicken, prosperity. With the creeper by revelation quicKen revelation. With re- freshment by plants quicken plants. With the best by bodies quicken bodies. With the iuvigorating by religious study quicken religious study. With the victorious by brilliance quicken brilliance.

285Thou art Pratipad, for Pratipad thee. Thou art Apupa^, for Anupad thee. Thou art Sam pad, for Sarapa4 thee. Thou art brilliance, for brilliance thee.

286Trivyit (triple) art thou, thee for Trivfit. Pravrit ar1< thoui thee for Pravy it. Yivf it art thou, thee for Viv^t. 3avrit art thouj thee for Savpt. Thou art attack, thee for attack. Thou art concurrence, thee for concurrence. Thou art ascent, thee for ascent. Thou art upstriding, thee for upstriding, With Energy as over4or4 qui^kea food- essence.

287Thou art the Queen, the Eastern region. The bright Yasus are thine over-lords. Agui is thy warder-off of hostile weapons. May the Trivrit Stoma assist thee on earth. The Ajya Uktha 6;( thee firmly against slipping. .The Rathantara S&inan establish thee in the sky for sectire station. May the first-bom Eishis extend thee among the 4.nuihiup: food. Course ..Expanse: see verse 4. Vigour: food. Vtffomr- giving: Agni' Emulating: yonder world. Spacious: this world. Cover: the air. InaccessiMe: the Sun. Slow: the P^hkti. AAkdnka: water.

288He lays down the bricks called Stomi^-bh&scAs or Laud-sharerii, SS9 in* number, wit)^ a fonnuls ful^ressed to each^ The ray : the Sui), whid^ m the giver of light 13 food, A dpance: meaning food. By duty ; acix>rding to Mabldhara, ^n this and the following formi^las of thi« yerse the hiirtruxpental eare is used for the dative ; for duty, etc,

289According tp M^hldhara, the thread: the ereepfir: the besp: etc, pieaq ' food/ and he gives the papae n^esning to Pratipad, Anupad, etc„ iii the loQowing verse.

290Tnvrit: triple, threefold ; fpoil, says Mahtdhar^ s* prodaoed frosi ploughing, seed, and rain. He gives similar explanations of the other on-' translatable words in the verse.

291He lays down the NAkasadas or Sky-seated bricks. Thou : the briok laid clown in front. Ajya Uktha : a litany to A^ni. Rishis: the Vit^l 4inw /)w|)M'ir;'13pecch. Overlord: Mind. VB^SS 15.] WiSlTB YAJURVBDA. ^33 Gods by the measure and amplitude, of heaven. Majr this Disposer and the Over-Lord extend thee. May all, concordant, settle thee on the ridge of heaven iu the world of Svarga.

292Thou art Far-ruling, the Southern region. The bright ' Rudras are thine over-lord^. Indra is thy warder-off of arrows. May the Paflchadasa Stoma sapport thee on earth. The PllaUga Uktha fix thee firmly against slipping. The Brihat SiLman establish thee in the sky, etc. (the rest as in 10).

293Thou art Universal Ruler^ the Weittelm region. The Adityas are thine over-loifds. Va^una is thy ¥rarder-ofi' of missiles. The Sfiptadasa Stoma support thee on earth. The Marut- vatiya Uktha fix thee firmly against slipping. The Vairiipa Saman establish thee, etc. ( as above ).

294Tbou art Independent Ruler, the Northern region. (The rest is identical with 12, with the substitution of Maruts ...Soma....yim8a Stoma ...Nishkevalya Uktha. ..iVaii-SJa Siman for the corresponding names ).

295Thou art Lady->Paramount, the Lofty region. ( The rest as above, Visvedevas...Brihaspati ..TrinavaandTrayastrimsi Stomas... Vaisvadeva and M&ruta Ukthas...Sikvara and Raivata Simans being substituted for the corresponding names.

296This one in front, golden- tressed, with sunbeams; the leader of his host and his chieftain are Rathagritsa and Rathau- jas, and PuiijlkasthaU and Kratusthalk his Apsarases. Biting animals are his weapon, homicide his missile wea-^ pon ; to them be homage : may they protect us, may they have mercy upon us. In their jaws we place the man whom we hate and who hates us. aame of a hyinii at the morning libation.

297He lays a brick behind. Univei*iaX Rider: Samrdj. iforutooltya Uktka: a litany to Indra Lord of the Maruts. exclusively, beginning with Abhi tv&, Sira, nonuma (R. V. VII. 32. 22). H He lays a brick tn the middle.

BOOK THE SIXTEENTH.

298With that auspicious form of thine, mild, Rudra! pleasant to behold, Even with that most blessdd form, look/ Mountain-haunter j here on us.

299The shaft which, Mountain-haantef, thou art holding in thy hand to shoot. Make that auspicious, Mountain-Loi*d ! Injure not man nor moviug thing.

300Dweller on the Mountain, we saltit^ thee with auspiciooff hymn ; That allj yea, all oiir people may be healthy and well-satisfied^

301The Advocate, the fir»t divine Physician, hath defended us.

302That most auspicious One whose hue is coppery and red and brown, And those, the Budras who maiotais their station in tho regions, who surround him in a thousand baud% of these we deprecate the wrath.

303May he who glides away^ whose n^crk is azurei and whose hue is red. He whom the herdsmen, whomi the girls who caaNpy UraUfr have beheld, may he when seen be kind to U9.

304Autpicious form : the God having two forms, one terrific and the other gentle and auspicious*

305Bath drfendedvs: 'May he plead for us': Eggeling. YdtudhdnU: sorceresses, or female goblins.

306Ife who glidet away : in the form of the SuxL Whtae neeh ia asMre: from drinking up the world -destroying poison produced at the Churning if the Ocean by the Qoda. TERSE 17 J WBITE YAJURVEDA. 141

307I^oosen thy bowstring, looseii it from thy bow's two extre- mities, And Dast away, I^ord Diviqe, the arrows that are in thy hand. shaft. The shafts he had have perished and the sheath that held his sword is bare. )1 Thy weapon, Most Bountiful, the bow that r$steth in thy haod,— With that, deprived of power to h^rm, pi*otect thou us oq every side.

308So may the arrow of thy boWj in all directions, pass us by, And in a pl?^ reoiote fjpom us lay thou the quiver that thou hflst.

309Having uobept thy bow thou buQdred-eyed, hundred- quivered Oue ! And dulled thy pointed arrows' heads, be kind and gracious unto us. paid. Jlomage be paid to both thine arms, an^ to thy bow be reverence ! )5 Do thou no injury to great or small of us, harn^ not th^ growing boy, harm not the full-grown man. Slay not a sire ao^ong us, slay no mother here, aud to our own dear bo4ies, Rudra ! do no harm.

310Harm us not in our seed or in our progeny, hann us not in our life or iu our cows or steeds. Slay not our heroes in the fury of their wrath. Wp with oh}ations ever call on only thee.

311Homage to the golden-armed leader of hosts, lord of the regions, to the trees with their green tresses, to the Lord of beasts be homage ; homage to him whose sheen is like green grass^ homage to the radiant Lord of paths, homage to the golden-haired wearer of the sacrificial cord, homage to the Lord of the well-endowed.

312Kapardin : be whose hair is coiled and braided ; an epithet in the Bigveda of pdshaD as well as of Rudra. 15, 1^ are tak^n, with variations, from R. V. J. 114. 7, 8. cattle which are specially exposed to the fury of the Storm-God, or as the lord of sacrificial victims, as Prof. Weber thinks must be the explanation. 142 TBE TEXTS OP TBB [BOOK XVI

313Homage to the brown-hu^ pierceri to the Lord of fopd be homage. Homage to Bhava's weapon, homnge to the Lord of moving things 1 homage to Rudra whose bow is bent to slay, to the Lord of fields homage, homage to ther charioteer who injures none, to the Lord of forests be homage.

314Homage to the red architect, to the Lord of trees homage 1 Homage to him who stretched out the earth, to him who gives relief be homage. Homage to the Lord of Plants, homage to the prudent merchant ! Homage to the Lord of bushes, to the shouting Lord of foot-soldiers who makes foes weep be homage.

315Homage to the runner at full stretchy to the Lord of iniiF isteriug spirits, homage ! Homage to the conquering, piercing Lord of assailing bands, homage to the towering sword-bearer, to the Lord of thieves homage ! Homage to the gliding robber, to the roamer, to the Lord of forests homage !

316Homage to the cheat, to the arch-deceiver, to the Lord of stealers homage ! Homage to the wearer of sword and quiver, to the Lord of robbers homage ! Homage to the boltarmed homicides, to the Lord of pilferers homjge t Homage to the 8word-bearerS| to those who roam at night, to the Lord of plunderers homage !

BOOK THE SEVENTEENTH.

317Agni, may these bricks be mine own railch kine : one, and ten, and ten tens, a hundred, and ten hundreds, a thou- sand, and ten thousand a myriad, and a hundred thousand, and a million, and a hundred millions, and an ocean mid- dle and end, and a hundred thousand millions, and a bil- lion. May these bricks be mine own milch-kine in yonder world and in this world.

318Ye are the Seasons, strengthening Law, fixed in due season, strengthening Law, Called Splendid, dropping butter down and honey, yielders of every wish, imperishable.

319With the lake*s mantling need we robe thee, Agni : to us be purifying and auspicious.

320With cold's investing garb we gird thee, Agni : to us be puri- fying and auspicious. paratory cercimouies in connexion with Agni and the Fire-altar are continued in this Book. stone which he has placed at the junction of the right wing of the altar with the body.

321In the stone : he puts the pitcher on the stone which represents Agni. tendant suffering. Here, having put the stone in the pitcher, he throws it southward.

322He takes possession of the bricks of the altar, stretching over it and touching as much of it as he can. An ocean : a fantastic name for a thou- sand million.

323Ye : the bricks.

324He draws a frog, an Avak4 (Blyxa Octandra, a water-weed), and a shoot of bamboo, all emblems of coolness, eastward along the right part q| the body of the altar. See R. V. X. 16. 14.

325He draws them along from the south to the north hip of the altar. VEESJS 12.] WfflTB YAJURVEDA, I49

326Descend upon the earth, tlje reed, the rivers : thou art the grtll, Agni, of the waters. Witti them come hither, female Frog, and render this sacri- fice of oursj bright-hued, successful.

327This la the place where waters meet ; here is the gathering of the flood. Let thy shaft burn others than us : be thou cleanser, pro- pitious unto us.

328Agiii, purifier, God, with splendour and thy pleasant tongue Bring hither, and adore, the Gods.

329So, Agtii, purifying, bright, bring hither to our sacrifice, To our oblation bring the Gods.

330He who with purifying, eye-attracting form hath shone up- on the earth as with the light of Dawn ; Who speeding on, as in the fleet steed's race, in fight, cometh untouched by age, as one athirst in heat. flame ! propitious unto us.

331To him who dwells in roan, Hail ! To him who dwells in waters, Hail ! To him who dwells in sacred grass, Hail ! To him who dwells in the wood, Hail ! To him who fiuds the light, Hail I

332He draws them along from the north hip to the south shoulder of the altar. Gall: meaning heat, which is regarded as characteristic of the bill- ous humour.

333He draws then along from the north to the south shoulder.

334He draws them over the right wing of the altar. The formula is taken from R. V. V. 2t). 1.

335He draws them over the tail of the bird-shaped altar, with the formula from R V. VI. 15. 5.

336Fleet steed't: or Etasa'8, one of the horses of the Sun.

BOOK THE EIGHTEENTH.

337May my breathing and my out -breathing, and my through* breathing and my vital spirit, and my thought and my reflection, and my voice and my mind, and my eye and my ear, and my ability and my strength prosper by sacrifice.

338May my energy and my force, and my self and my body, and my shelter and my shield, and my limbs and my bones, and my joints and my members, and my life and my old age prosper by sacrifice.

339May my preeminence and my overlordship, and my wrath and my angry passion, and my violence and my impetu> osity, and my victorious power and my greatness, and my breadth and my width, and my height and my length, and my increase and my improvement prosper by sacrifice^

340May my truth and my faith, and my cattle and my wealth, and my goods and my plea&ure, and my play and my enjoyment, and my children and my future children, and my hymn and my pious act prosper by sacrifice.

341May my religious rite and my immortality, and my freedom from consumption and my freedom from disease, and my life and my longevity, and my freedom from eneniieS and my freedom from danger, and my happiness and my lying down, and my fair dawn and my fair day prosper by sacrifice.

342May my controller and my supporter, and my security and my firmnesjj, and my goods and ray pleasure, and my knowledge and my uuderstanding, and my begetting aud my propagation, and my plough and my harrow prosper by sacrifice. L I - - I ■_! j_M- ,m I II -B-T-* This Book contaias the formulas for the performance of the ceremony called Vasordhdr^, the Stream or Shower of Riches, a st)rt of Consecratioa Service for Agni as King on the completion of the Fire-altar which is iden- tified with him. The Sacrificer offers an uninterrupted series of four hun- dred aud one oblations of clarified butter poured from a large ladle of Udumbara wood, while the Adhvaryu recites the formulas which are tt gain for the Sacrificer all the temporal and spiritual blessings therein ii cated. VBRSS 16.] WRITS YAfURVBDA. HZ

343May my welfare and my comfort, and whafc I hold dear and what I desire, and ray love and my gratification, and my enjoyment and my substance, and my happiness and my felicity, and my higher bliss and my fame prosper by sacrifice.

344May my vigour and my pleasantness, and my milk and my sap, and my butter and my honey, and my meal in com- pany and my drinking in company, and my ploughing and my husbandry, and my superiority and my preemi- nence prosper by sacrifice.

345May my wealth and my property, and my prosperity and my growth, and my pervading power and my lordship, and my abundance and my greater abundance, and my bad harvest and my unwasted crop, and my food and my satiety prosper by sacrifice.

346May my gain and my future gain, and what I have and what I shall have, and my good road and my good path, and my success and my succeeding, and my achieven^ent and my contrivance, and my thought and my good counsel prosper by sacrifice.

347May my rice-plants and my barley, and my beans and my sesamum, and my kidney-beans and my vetches, and my millet and my Panicum Milliaceum, and my Panicum Frumentaceum and my wild rice, and my wheat and my lentils prosper by sacrifice.

348May my stone and my clay, and my hills and my mountains, and my pebbles and my trees, and my gold and my bronze, and my copper and my iron, and my lead and my tin prosper by sacrifice.

349May my fire and my water, and my creepers and my plants, atid my plants with culture-ripened fruit and my plants with fruit ripened without culture, and my domestic animals and my wild animals, and my substance and ray future substance, and my belongings and my power be produced by sacrifice.

350May my treasure and my dwelling, and my religious service and my ability to perform it, and my object and my course, and my way and my going prosper by sacrifice.

351May my Agni and my Indra, and my Soma and my Indra, and my Savitar and my Indra, and my Saras vati and ray Indra, and my P&shan and my Indra prosper by sacrifice.

352Panicum : there are no English names for the two cereals thus de- sigtiAted. Roxburgh describes sixty -tw) species of the genus.

353He offer8 with this and the two following formulas the Ardhendra or Half' Indra oblations to twelve deities, each of whom is coupled with ladra. J64 THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOR XVIIl n May my Mltra and my Indra, and my Varuna and my Indra, and my DHtar and my Indta, and my Maruts and my Indra, and my All^Gods and my Indra prosper by saorifice,

354May my earth and my Indra, and my Air and my Indra, and my Sky and my Indra, and my Half-month^ and my Indra, and my Lunar Mansions and my Indra, and my Sky-regions and my Indra prosper by sacrifice.

355May my Amsu and my Basmi, and my Adbipati and my Up^msu, aiid my Antaryama and my Aindra-Vl^yaya, and my Maitra-Yarur^a, and my Aevina and my Pratiprastb&xil^ and my Sukra and my Manthin proper by sacrifice,

356May my Agrayana and my Vaisvadeva, and my Dbruva and my Vai8vS,uara,and my Aindragna and myMahivaifvadeya, and my Marutvatiya and my Nishkevalya, and my ^yitra and my Sarasvata, and my PS.tnivata and Xiij HlUiyojana prosper by saorifioe.

BOOK THE NINETEENTH.

357Heace poarye forth the fioWiagj nice, Samay best ^u^rificial food. He who, man's friend, hath riin Within the Waters hath with the pressing-stones poured out tbe Soma.

358Purified by Vayu's strainer^ Soma that has pslsafefd sLway for^ Ward is Itidra's proper friend. Purified by Yayu's strainei'. Soma that has passed awa/ backward is Indi'a^s propei' friends

359By means of this eternal sieve may Sftrya's DaugbtsiK' parify The Soma that flows forth from thee.

360Soma with Wine, pressed, filtered for the tyanquet, cleanses priest, noble, brilliancy and Vigour. flarour to the Sacrificer^ BooioB Xt^>^K^[ Contain the formulas of thd 9aatr4idan[i, g 8ttcri£[<^ originally instituted to expiate and counteract the evil eScfOts of ezo«8siv0 indulgence in Soma-drinking. See X. dl. The cerenlony is prcTacfiibtfd ts a means of obtaining general eminence *, for a dethroned king to praonrv his restorittion, for a Kshatriya to assure tictory, for a Vai^ya to »cqttir» cattle and Wealth. It consists mainly in the offering, to the Astins^ Sikraf tati and Indra, of Surft a spirituous liquor concooted of faskpa (huakcd' rtce or yoUng grass)^ taktncin (grecm barley)^ and Idja (parched graid) groand up With some roots to serve as yeast, and the liquor of tWo Odauas or messes of rice^ and dy^m^ka at millet boiled in water, thd mixture beu&g called Mdsara^ I'he prototype of the eacrifioo is the cure of tndra, by Sarasvati and the Astins, when he Was snSefing fi'om oVer-indulgenoe io bis favourite bevetage^ The name is derived from Sutr^man, the GKxnI Deliverer or f roteotof^ Indfa. See Hillebrandt, Hitual'Litteratar, pn. 159~1«1.

361I*hee : &\it§ki Sonid art ikau : lie a^dresdes the diirft Which by com- mixture and transubstantiation has sacriflcially become Soma.

362He: Soma. Waters: with which the stalks are washed and made to awell. Biahtdhara supplies eu^At^af^uji (the Adhvaryu) as the anderatood nominative of ' poured out '.

363Cf. X. 31. Vdyu! i itmintt : or cleansing power. Porvtatd: rejeoted through the mouth from the over-loaded stomach.

364Taken from U. V. I!^. SHrya't Daughter : ^raddhft or Faith.

365Wine: Suri. The BruM' Soma juice ; 'pure Vigour '| aooording \ik Mahidhara. Flavour ; clarified butter, etc. VSRSE 11.] WHITE TAJURVEDA. 173

366Whjat then t As mei^ whose fields $re fall of barlejr, etc., aa in X. 32. Taken upon abase art thou. I take thee for the Asvin Pair. Thee for Saras vatt. Thee for Indra the Good Deliverer. This is thy home. For splendour tbee. Tbee fo|r man's vigour. Tbee for 9trengtb.

367For each of jou is made a God-appointed place .; ao grant to me a portioq in the highest sphere. Suii the strong art thou. This here is Soma. ]E)^tering thine ova plape do me no mispbief. j8 Takeii upon a base art tboi;. Splendour of Asvins, Saras? vati's mauly vigour, might of )[ndra> This is thy hocne. I take thee for enjoy^^ept.. I t^ke thee for delight, take thee for greatpess.

368Thop art lustre : give me lustre. Thoi^ art manly yigour ; give me ipanly vigour. Thou art strength : give Q>6 strength* Tbou arjb energy y give me energy. Tbon ^ passion ; Giye pQ^ passion. Tbou ^rt pooqueriog inight : give me jconqueriug might. |0 ^ay she, Vjshpcbika, who guards tb^se two, the tiger and the wolf, The lion and the wipg^d hawk, piay she giiard this map from distress.

369When, a delighted boy, I bruised rs^j piotbe? afif I sucked her breast,

370He takes jb^ree cup9 of ii^ilk for tl^e ABvins, Sarasvtttt, and Ipdra. The first formula Ib t^ken fro/m R. V. X. 13^. 2, 'and repeated from X. 82 of thii Veda. For tplendour thee: the ^fvii^s' cup, * I take' being understood; Thee for man't ngffur: ^arasv^itrs cup. Thee for fti'ength; In4ra'8 cup.

371For etjLch of you: .Som$ and Sur&. Ood-appoi>ited place: an altar Inhere the jitbatioQS ^re prepare^, ^pproyed by the Deities tq whom tha iOfferings are ma4e.

372He deposits the cups, one by one, with a formula tor each. of the Jujube tree (.{^i^iphus Jujuba) jpto the piilk apd lays two blades of Parbha grass op the vessel ]^bat /containa it. Thou: the milk libation.. jStrength . . . energy . . . pasaior^: reprieseu^d respectively by wolfs, tiger'si and lion's bair mixed with the Sqri.

373He purifies the Sacri^cer by stroking jl^im with thie tail-feathers of an <eagle pr h^iwk pnce above and once below the waist. Vithiichikd : the deity pf cholera or diarrhxpea. Quarda : tliat is, does not attack, fhi^ man : the S.acrij&cer. with my feet. Thereby: by looking at tl>e fire which represents Agni. 17* THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOK XIX Eree frotn my debt, Agni, I become thereby. Mj parents are by me unharmed. me apart from evil.

374The Asvins, the Physioians, Qods, stretched out the healing sacrifice, Sarasvatt with speech was a Physician, all with heroic powers investing India.

375Symbols of Diksha are grass buds, of Prayaniya sprouts of corn, Of Soraa-purchasing fried grains are symbols, Soma-shoots ^ and meath.

376Atithya*s sign is M^sara, the Gharma's symbol Nagnahu. Three nights with Sursl poured, this is the symbol of the Upasads.

BOOK THK TWENTIETH.

377Varuna, Law's maintainer, hath sat down, ete., as in X. 27. Sa?e me from death. Save me from lightning.

378Thee, by the radiant Snvitar's impulsion, with arms of Af?iu8, with the hands of P&shau, With leeeh-crafit of the Asviiis, I be^riukle for q^^lendonr, for tiie lustre of a Brahman ; With leech-craft of Sarasvati, besprinkle for manlj vigour and for food to feed thee ; Besprinkle thee, by special power of Indra, for strength of body and for fame and glory.

379Thou art Ka. Noblest Ka art thou. Thee for the state and rank of Ka. Sumangala I Susloka ! Satyarajan !

380My head be grace, my mouth be fame, my hsdr and beard be brilliant f>heen 1 My breath be King and deathlessness, mine eye Sole Lord, mine ear the Priuce !

381My tongue be bliss, my voice be might, my mind be wrath, my rage self-lord ! Joys be my fingers, and delight my members, couqnering strength my friend ! two of its legs being on the southern and twu ou the northern ground A blaek-antelope's skin is Hpread ^over it on which the Sacrificer sits and re- cites the formulas. Thou : Asandt.

382Varuna: the moral Governor of the world, typifying a King. Th« formula, taken from R. V. I. 26 10, is repeated fi-om X. 27. Preserve me : be puts a silver disc under his left foot as a charm agaiust death, and a golden one under the right to protect him from lightning.

383Tlte Adhvarju besprinkles the Sacrificer with the remains of the liba- tions of fat which are made to niu down to his mouth.

384Ka: or Who? ; Prajdpati. See VII. 29. SHinakgala, etc. : meaning. whom the Saciificer is made to summon.

385Tbe Sacrificer touches all his members and bodily parts one after «»• other, and recites the benedictory formulas. IHRnSE 15.] MmJTE TAJVRTEDL IST

386Let my two arms be Indra's power, mj bands be deed of manly might, my soul and breast be princely rxxXe 1 ^ My ribs be royal government, my belly, shoulders, neck, ^nd hips, Thighs, elbows, knees, the people, jea, mj members univer- snlly •

387My navel intellect, etc., et/C. Duty aiu £ in leg^ and feet, established King among the folk.

388I take ray stnnd on princely power and Kingship, on cows am I dependent, and on horses. On memliers I depend, and on the body, on vital breath dependent and on welfare, on heaven and earth and sacrifice dependent.

389May Deities, eleven threes, the three and thirty bounteous Ones Whose House-Priest is Brihaspati, by impulse of bright Savitar, the Gods protect me with the Gods.

390May the (imt Gods with the second, the second with the third, the third with Truth, Truth with Sacrifice, Sacri- fice with Hacrificial texts, sacrificial texts with Samans, Samans with praise-verses, praise-verses with fore and after-sentences, fore sentences with inviting?- texts, invit- ing-texts with Vashat-calls, Vashjit-calls with oblations, and oblations, fulfil my desires, Earth ! All-hail !

391Mv hair is effort and attempt, my skin is reverence and appronch. My flesh is inclination, wealth my bone, my marrow rever- ence> 1 i Gods. Deities, whatever fault of ours have stirred the wrath of Gods, May Agni set me free from that iniquity and all distress.

392If in the day-time or at night we have committed acts of sin, May Vayu set me free from that iniquity and all distress. » ■ I— I

393He steps down on a black-antelope's skin.

394Earth I : Bhiih ; a myRtical exclamation used in sacri^CiQ. Of. III. 5. recites the formula attributing aUcontrolling powers and influences to the constituent elements of his body. Jievereuee and approach : that is, ap* proached with reverential Intentions. Bevtrence; paid to me by others.

395The Avabliritba or Purificatory Ceremony is begun, by floating a jar of.MAsara (see XIX>, i]itrod^cto;:y note) it) water, aod reciting the prea« ci'ibed furmulatS. - WS Tff£ TEXTS OP TSE [BOOK XX. 1.6 If when awake or in our sleep we have oommitted aota of sin, May Siirya set me free from that iiiiqaity and all distress.

396Kuch frtult in village or in wild, company or corporeal sense, Each sinful act that we have done to S^dra or Arya, or to either's disadvantage, e'eu of that siu thou art the expi- ation.

BOOK THE TWENTY-FIRST.

397I ask this of thee with my prayer, etc., as in XVI 1 1. 49.

398Do thou who knowest Varuna, Agni, put far away from us the God's displeasure. Best Sacrificer, brightest One, refulgent, remove thou far from us all those who hate us.

399Be thou the nearest unto us, Agni, our closest Friend while now this Morn is breakiuir. Reconcile Varuna to us, be bounteous : show thy compas- sion and be swift to hear us.

400We call to succour us the miizhty Mother of those whose sway is just, the Queen of Order, Strong-ruler, far- expanding, ne'er decaying, Aditi gracioua guide and good protectress.

401Sinless may we ascend, for weal, this vessel rowed with good oars, divine, that never leaketh, Earth our strong guard, incomparable Heaven. Aditi gra- cious guide and good protectress.

402May I ascend the goodly ship, free from defect, that leaketh not, Moved by a hundred oars, for weal.

403Mitm- Varuna, gracious Pair, with fatness dew our pas- turage. With mead the regions of the air. The formulas of the Sautrftmanl are continued. from R. V. I. 25. 19, and an Offering Prayer (2) from R. V. I. 24. 11, re- peated from XVIII. 49. the Mediator or Intercessor.

404An Invitini; Prayer, taken with a slight variation from A. V. VII. 6. % addressed to Aditi to whom a charu, or oblation of rice, barley, and pulse boiled with butter and milk, is to be offered.

405Taken from A. V. VII. «. 3, varied from R. V. X. 63. 10.

406The goodly thip : sacrifice, which bears us beyond this world to heavea. Hundred oars : verses of praise and chanted hymns.

407Oblations of milk and curds are offered to Mitra and Varuna regarded as Rain Gods (II. 16). The verse is taken from R. V. III. 62. 16. FtUnttf: fertilizing rain. VSRSS 19.] WHITE TAJURVEDA. 197

408Stretch forth your arms and let our liyes he lengthened : with fatness dew the pastures of our cattle. Te Youthful, make us famed among the people : hdar, Mitca-Varuna, these mine invocations.

409Bless us the Coursers when we call, etc, as in IX. 16. 1 1 Deep-skilled in Law, etc., as in IX. 1 8.

410Kindled is Agni with the brand, yea, kindled well, the excellent. and life !

411Tanunapat whose acts are pure, our bodies' guard Sarasvati, UshnihR metre and the steer of two years' age give power and life !

412Agni with offerings, meet for praise, and Soma the immortal God, Attushtup metre and the steer of thirty months give power and life !

413Agni with (goodly grass spread out, deathless with Pdshan at his side, Brihati metre and a steer of three years' age give power and life !

414The Doors divine, the mighty Regions, Brahmi, God Bri- haspati. The metre Paukti, here a bull in his fourth year, give power and life ! sal Gods, The Trishtup metre, here, a bull in his sixth year, give power and lif3 !

415The two celestial Hotars, both Physicians,* lodra's close- knit friends, The metre Jagati, an ox who draws the wain, give power and life!

416The Three, Ida, Sarasvati, and Bharati, the Marut folk, Viraj the metre, here, a cow in milk, a bull, give power and life!

BOOK THE TWENTY-SECOND.

417This girdle, which in their religious meetings sages assum- ed in earlier time of wordhip. proclaiming rich abundance.

418Famous art thou, thou art the world, controller and up- holder thou. Go, consecrate by Svslh4 to Agni Yaisvftnara widely-famed.

419For Gods and for Praj&pati I fit thee. For Gods and for Prajslpati, Brahman, Will I tie up the horse. Thence may I prosper ! Binding him for Praj&pati and Gods be thou successful.

420Thee welcome to Prajapati I sprinkle. I sprinkle thee wel- come to Itidra-Agni. I sprinlsle thee acceptable to V&yu. Thee welcome to the All-Gods I besprinkle. Thee wel- come to all Deities I sprinkle. AVith fury Varuna attacks the man who fain would slay the steed. Avauiit the man ! Avaunt the dog ! can perform. Its object is the acquisition of power and glorj, acknowledged preeminence over neighbouring princes, and the general prosperity of the kingdom by the fulfilment of the witshes expressed in verse 22 of this Booiw.

421The Adhvaryu ties an ornament of gold, perhaps a chain, round the neck of the Sacrificer, and makes him recite the formula. Thou : he addresses the ornament. Deathless : as a symbol of the Sun, and identified with light (IV. 17 ), or, according to Mahldliara, because gold C(mfer8 immortality by being presented to the priests. Bi/ impulse, etc. : repeated from I. 10. Thee : a rasand, girdle, or girth of Darbha grass, thirteen ells in length, with which the sacrificial horse is to be girded.

422In the Law^s hymn : when the Siiman of sacrifice is chanted.

423He girds and addresses tiie horse.

424Ifit: svagdj an indeclinable sacrificial word, Good-speed ! and karomi, I make or prepare, understood.

425He sprinkles the horse in standing water. With fury etc. : he threatens my man who kills the horse, and so prevents the sacrifice, with the vengeance of the royal Varuna, and a dog is killed ( to indicate the punishment of ike linuer ) by a low-caste man, the son of a Sddra by a VaisyA woman. 20« THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOK XXIL

426To Agni Hail ! To Soma Hail ! Hail to the Waters' J07 1 Hail to Savitar ! Hail to Vaju ! Hail to Vi«hnu! Hail to ludral Hail to Biihaspati ! Hail to Mitra ! Hail to Varuna !

427Hail to the sound hin ! Hail to the uttered hih ! Hail to the neigh ! Hail to the down-neigh ! Hail to the snort 1 Hail to the roar ! Hail to bis smell ! Hail to him smelt at ! Hail to him seated ! Hail to him seated down ! Hail to him weary ! Hail to him going ! Hail to him sitting 1 Hail to him lying ! Hail to him sleeping! Hail to him waking ! Hail to him whinnying ! Hail to him wakened 1 Hail to him yawning ! Hail to him outstretched ! Hail to him drawn together ! Hail to him risen ! Hail to his going ! Hail to his good going ! Hail !

428Hail to him as he goes ! Hail to him running ! Hail to him running away ! Hail to him when he has run away ! Hail to the cry Shoo ! Hail to him scared with Shoe 1 Hail to him seated ! Hail to him risen ! Hail to his speed ! Hail to his strength ! Hail to him rolling I Hail to him when he has rolled ! Hail to him tossing about ! Hail to him when he has tossed about ! Hail to him listening! Hail to him hearing. Hail to him looking! Hail to him looked at! Hail to him closely looked at! Hail to his closing his eye ! Hail to his food 1 Hall to his drink ! Hail to his stale ! Hail to him in action I Hail to what he has done !

429May we attain that excellent glory of Savitar the God : So may he stimulate our prayers. ' 10 For our protectiou I invoke the golden-handed Savitar : He knoweth, a3 a God, the place.

430Wq specially invoke the grace of Savitar, observant God, The great good-will that gives true boons. Yea, of the God who knows our thoughts. The Cheerer to the feast of Gods.

431The horse is led back to the eacrificial fire, and ten oblations of clarified butter are offered, with their respective formulas to the deities mentioned.

432He offers an oblation in the Southern fire. Hih : onomatopoetie ; tkt horse's low neigh or whinny : originally, the syllable to be uttered, or tte sound to be made in reciting Sftma hymns.

433Six verses follow constituting the Inviting and Offering Prayers of ob- lations presented to Savitar. The first verse is the famous Sftvitrt. tbe G&yatri 'par excellencty repeated from III. 35, and taken from R. V. III. 62 W.

434Taken from R. V. I. 22. 5. VEB8B 20.] WBITB YAJURVEDA. W

435The judgment of bright Savitar, that cheers the All-Gods' coiupany, With prajer we estimate as bliss.

436Wake Agai with thy laud and set the Immortal One aflame, let him Bestow our ofiferiiigs on the Gods.

BOOK THE TWENTY-THIRI.

437Who by his grandeiir ha^ becoma sole Ruler of all the* moving wortd that breathftcs and slumbers.; He who is Sovran, of these men and. cattle — *what Gkkk shall we- adore with our oblation 1

438Taken upon a base a-rt thou. I take thee welcome tovPraj&patiL This is thy pUce : the Moon thji majpsty. Thy majesty thqX has. accrued to thee by ni^ht, iti a year„ thy majesty 1)hat has accrqted in the earth, in Agni, iii^the* stains. and in the Moon, to tha1> majjosty of^thiije, to Praj&r pati. and, to the Gods, All-hail !

439They who stand round him^as he moves harness; 1vhebrighi;i, the ijuddy Steed,: The lights are shining in the sky.

440On both sides to,the car they yoke the- two Bay Coursers; dear to hi/n, Bold, tawny, bearers of the Chief.

441When, swift as ; wind, the Hprse- has reached: the form, thatt Indra loves, the flood, Again, sipg^r,, by thiis path bring thou.our Coarser hither^ ward.. ings are conliDued.

442The S&Qrificer o&srB two Mahim^ or Grandeur libations, so called. frottt the aame of thegolden vessels in which they are presented, and recitesth^- text, repeated from XIII. 4, taken froo)^ R. Y/. X 121. 1. BiranycigiM'bk^i' the Gold-Gherm, or Golden Child ; Fr^j^patl, with whom the Sacrifiefai Horse. is identified,

443Thou: the Cup. Majesty: or grandfiur ; mahimA': thy grandeur ifl'Iiltt the Sun's.

444Taken from R. V. X. 121. 3. What God<f : other thap,Prajapati. Or, according to Mahldhara : Worship. we Ka the God. See I. 6^ note.

445He yokes the Horse to a gilded chariot, reciting th? text lAken froia B. y. I. 6. 1.

446Three other liorses are harnessed to the same chariot, with the tezti Ifom R. V. I. 6. 2. rsRss: n,y wbite tajurveda. 211 % Let ther Vasws anoint thee with Gayatrt metre. Let the Budr»» anoint thee with Trishtup naetre. Let the Adityaa anoint tBee wftb Jagati metre. Earth ! Ether ! Heaven ! OGodSy eat this food, parched grains and groats in the prod net of harlejrand ia the product of cows: eat this foody PVaj^pftti.

447WliO' moveth single- a»d arleoe-T Who is brought forth to life again I Whatis the remedy of cold*, or whet the great receptacle?

448The Sun noovBS single and alone; The Moon is brought to life again.

449What wa» the antecedent thought: I What was* the bird of mighty size ? The slippery matron, who wiis she? Wlio was the- reddish- coloured one ?

450Heaven was the antecedent thought The Courser was the* mighty biixi. The slippery matrott was- the earthv Night was the reddish- coloured one.

451V»yu help thee with^cookcfl viands! Blackneck with) goats ;: Nyfi^rodha with' ctips ; S ilraali with iucre.tse ;: this Stal- lion here, gooi for the chariot — let him verily come with his four feet Brahinakrishna help us I Obeisance to- Agni !

452When the-Horachas been brought buck frora-ljhe-wwfcer; tfae<!hieiQlieen' and two otherroyal Cuimorte anoint bim with olarif^d' butter, reeitii:^ their' other;) the barrel and hind-quarters. Earth! etc. : with the«e sacrificial ex- clamations the three Queens, ret^peotii^ely, entwine the hair o£: the H^orse'a-^ head, neck, and tail with chnins or otiier ornaments of gold. O'odsr the Sicrificer offers the Horse the-remaihs of the night*oblation of grain, wbichi is thrown into the water if he refuses to ett it. Product' of cows r the sour curds with whioh the oblation was mixed. Prajdpati r meaning the deified Horse. cosmagonical and^ mystic '-theological doctrine The questions are couched in desij^nediy enigmatical Tangua^, constituting^ a sort of * cosmic charade,* as Prof. M BloomHeld calls it. Who moveth ;. etc. :. the Brahman qpestions- the Hotar.

453The Hotar replies.

454The Hotar quedtions- the Brahman.

455The Brahman replies; Heaven: meaninjrraih; accorrlihg to Mahflhara; The Courser : the Sacrificial Horse. Mhjhty bird: that carries the sacrifice* of himself to heaven. Earth : Mahidhara's explanation of avih (sheep j; woollen cloth ; Soma-^tpaiuer). Slippery .- after rain.

456The Horse, a hornless he-goat, and a Gomrlga or wild ox (Bos G%vapu»)> are bound to saciificial stakes near the fiie, ana b&venteen- other victiujs^afc 212 THE TEXTS OP THE {BOOK XXIIL

BOOK THE TWENTYFOUKTB.

457The red goat, the smokj-red, the jujube-red, these belong te Soma. The brown, the ruddy-brewn, the jparrot-browB, these are Yaruna's. One wiih white ear holes, one with partly white, one with wholly white, belong 4>o Savitat. One with fore feet white, partly white, wholly white, be- longs to Bi ihaspati. -She-goats speckled, with email «pot8, with big spots, these belong to Mitra-Yaruna«

458The bright-tailed, the wholly bright-tailed, the jewel-tailed, these belong to the Asvins. The white, the white-eyed, the reddish, these are for Rudi*a Lord of Beasts. Long- eared goats are for Yuma; proud -ones for Kudra; cloud- coloured ones for Parjanya. i;ied tu the sacrificial stakes and in the intfrmediate spaces, with the names of the deities or ^ified entities to which they are severally dedicated. The j)rincipal stake, tike eleventh and midmost of the twenty-one, called the Agnishiha because it stands nearest to the sacrificial fire, ie mentiocrad first. the totai number being ^27- In the spaces i»etween the stakes 282 wild -animals, (from the ^phaut and the rhioooeros to the bee and the fly, are tern- >porarily «onfiitted, to be freed when the ceremony is concluded, bringing the total number of assembled animaU up to 609. There is, perhaps, some exaggeration in the number, au«jl Moiue almost impossible animals are m^i- tiuned, but it must be rememberud that the Aavauaedha was a most impor- tant tribal solemnity of rare oceurrence and that no e£fort would be spared to asskire its performance with all possible splendour. mentator is not of much assistance in doubtful cases, ^a k.nd of beast' or 'a kind of bird' being all the information that he has to give.

459GonHga: the Gayal or Bos Gkvaeus. Dwarf: with referanee te Vishnu's Dwarf Inearnation.

460Bright-tailed: * goat^ is to be understood wiUi thisand similar cpttbetak YEmE 18] WHITE YAJURVEDA. 210 ft Croats speckled, transversely speckled, upward speckled are for the Ma?r!it8. The reddish she-goat, the red-haired, the white, these belong to Sarasvati. The goat with diseased ears, the short-eaTed, ithe red eared are Tvashtar's. The black-necked, the white-flanked, one with bright-coloured thighs l>6leng to Iiidra and Agni. Those with black marks, small marks, large marks belong to Dawn. colonred, eighteen tnoifths old to Yak; victims without distinguishing marks to Aditi ; those .of one same colour to iDhatar; weaned kids sacred to the Con8orts<of the Gods.

461Black-necked victims for Ajrui ; white browed for the Vasus ; red for Eudra ; bright ones for the Adityas ; cloud-eulouir- ed for Parjanya.

462The tall goa)t, the sturdy, the dwarf, these «re Indra-Vish- Qu's^ the tall, the white fore-footed, the black-backed^ Iudra-BrihaspHiti*s ; parrot-c(»loured the VajinsV; speckled Agui-Maruts'; 'dark<c(^oured Pushaa's.

463Variearated, Indra-Agnf* ; two-«oloured, Agai-Soma'fl ; dwarf oxen, Agni- Vishnu's; barreu-eowa, Mitra-Varuna's ; partly variegated, Mitra's. ,

464Black-necked ones, Agni's ; brown. Soma's ; white, Vayu's ; undiistingiuished, Aditi's ; self-colouried, Dhatar's; weaa- lings, the God^i' Consorts'.

465Elack ones for Eaixth ; smoke-eoloured for Firmameiit; tall ones for Sky ; brindled ones for Lightning ; blotehed ouos for Stars. li ;Smoke-colo«A'ed tDaes be sacrlBces to Spring; white to Summer; bliick to tke Kains; red ones to Autumn; speckled to Winter ; reddish-yellow to the Dewy Season. a hiflf ye&rs to Trishtup ; two year old steers to Jagatl ; thiee year olds to Aiiushtup; four year olds to Ushnih.

466Four year old steers to Viraj ; full grown bulls to l^ihati; stronu^ bulls to Kakup ; druugiit oxan to Paukti ; xoilch- cuws to Atichhsuudaa.

467VAfins : the deified Cuursers <9i the Gods ; a class of divinities, »o«ord- ing to S Ay ana.

468Sacrifices: literally, tabes and ties up ; a euphemistic expression. supreme harmony and the efficacy of prayer.'— Eggeling, S. B. £. XII. 3Q^ 22d UHli TEXfSi OP TBi [^OOK lift.

469Black-necked rictims sacred to Agni ; brown to Soma; spott- ed to Savitar ; weaned she-kids to SarasvatJ ; dairfe-colour- ed goats to Pushami ; speckled victims to the If ariits ; many-coloured to the All-Gods ; barren cows to Heaven and Earth. Id Called contempoilBbry^ the dappled belong to Indra-Agui; black ones to Varui;!a ; speckled to the MarUts ; hornless he-goats to Ka.

470To Agui foremost in place he sacrtHces firstling go^t9^ to the consuming Maruts those bom of one mother ; to the Maruts who perform domestic ritea those borti after a long time ; to the sportive Maruts tliose born together > to the self-strong Maruts those born in succession.

471Called contemporaneous, the dappled belonging to Indra- Agni; those with projecting homs to Mabendra; the many-coloured to Visvakarman.

472SmokeKK)louredy those of brownish hue, to be offered to the Soma-possessing Fathers ; the brown and the smokylook- ing to the Fathers who sit on sacred grass ; the black and the brownish-looking to the Fathers who have been tasted by Agni ; the black and the spotted belong to Tryambaka.

473Called contemporaneous, the dappled belong to Suna and Sira } white ones to V^yu ; white ones to Surya.

474To Spring he oflFers Kapinjalas ; to Summer sparrows ; to the Rains partridges; to Autumn quail»; to Winter Eakaras; to the Dewy Season Vikakaras.

475To the Sea ke sacrifices porpoises ; to Parjanya frogs ; to the Waters fishes ; to Mitra Kulipaya» ; to Varu^a cro- codiles.

476Ka: Praj&pati. See I. 6, note.

BOOK THE TWENTY-FIFTH.

477Avakd : a water-plant. See XIII. 30. T^as : the Commentator gives no explanation, and the meaning is unknown. Vdja : Strength ; or Sacrificial Food. The Path : ci. the Way in verse 3. The white : the Jight- coloured part of the body.

478Upaydma: the formula accompanying certain Soma libations : Taken upon a base (upaydma) art thou. See VII. 4. Bright look : according to Mahidhara, the gloss on the upper part of his body. Antara: interior. jRefiection : gloss un the lower part of his body, according to the Commen- tator. Bdhya : exterior. Itagged : nirjarjalpa ; the word (apparently meaningless here) is probably used as a sort of play upon the word ^'ar/aroi brain.

479Hair: which has so often brushed them away. Active: the same word is an epithet of Indra. Hoofi: to renovate their shells with the homy material. Ci A. V. IX. 4. 16 : They gave the hooves to toi-toises. YBRSB 8.] WffJTB YAJURVEDA, IfflB A The first rib is Agni's ; the second Vayu's ; tbe tdiird India's ; tbe fourth Soma's j the fifth Aditi's; the sixth ladrani's ; the seventh the Marats' ; the eighth Brihas- pati's ', the ninth Aryamau's ; the tenth Dbatur's ; the eleventh ludra's the twelfth Varu^a's; the thirteenth Yama's. second to Saras vati ; the third to Mitra ; the fourth to the Waters ; the fifth to Nirriti ; the sixth to Atrni-Soma; the seventh to the Serpents ; the eighth to Vishnu ; the ninth to Pushan ; the tcLth to Tvashtar ; the eleventh to Indra ; the twelfth to Varuna ; the thirteenth to Yanaa. The ri^ht flank belongs to Heaven and Earth, the left to the All-Gk)ds.

480The sijoulders belong to the Maruts ; the first rib-cartilages to the All- Gods ; the second to the Rudras ; the third t© the A-dityas ; the tail belongs to V&yu ; the hind-quarters to Agni-Soaia. I gratify the two Curlews with the hips ; Indra-Brihaspati with the thighs ; Mitra- Varuna with the groins; Approach with the buttocks ; Strength with the two cavities of the loins.

481I gratify Pusliau with the rectum ; Blind-worms with the large intestines ; Serpents with the entrails ; Worms with the guts ; the Waters with the bladder ; Scrotum with the testicles ; the Vajins with his penis ; Offspring with his seed ; Blue jays with his bile ; Fissures with his arms ; Kushuia^ with his lumps of duug. to the Quarters ] his nether hind-part to Aditi. I gratify Clouds with his aorta ', Firmament with his pericardium ; Mist with his belly ; the two Chakravakas with his car- diac bones ; Sky with his kidneys ; Mountains with his ducts ; Hocks with his spleen ; Ant-hills with his lungs ; Shrubs with his heart-vesijels ; Stieams with his veins ; Lakes with his flanks ; Sea with his belly ; Vaisvanara with his ashes.

482Jndrdnt : ludra's Consort. •

483T/i^ tail belongs to Vdyu : so at the ofifering of tbe typical Sacrificial Bull : Vfita the Go.l receives the tail : he stirs the plants and herbs there- with. — A. V. IX. 4. IS. Curlews: regarded, like the ChaUravdkas, as semi- sacred birds. See R4mayaiia, I. 2. 12ff. for Vdlmiki's curse on tbe slayer of one of a pair. KHshnias : unexplained and unknown.

484Cardiac hones: two bones, says Mahl.ihara, one on each side of the heart. The word matasne more probabiy means kii.ieys, aa I have trans- lated it in XIX. 85. 226 THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOK XXV.

485I gratify Separation with his navel ; Batter with his flavour; ttie Waters with his broth ; Sunbeams with his drops of fat; Hoar-frost with his heat; Ice with his marrow; Hail- stones with his tears ; Thunderbolts with the rheum of his- eyes ; Rakshasas with his blood ; Bright things with his limbs ; Stars with his beauty ; Earth with his skin. All-hail to Jumbaka !

486In the beginning rose Hiranyagarbha, etc., as in XIII. 4 ; XXIII. 1.

487Who by his grandeur, etc., as in XXIII. 3.

488Whose, by his might, are these snow-covered mountains^ and men call sea and Rasa his possession : Whose are these arms, whose are these heavenly r^ions* What God shall we adore with our oblation %

489Giver of vital breath, of power and vigour, he whose com- mandment all the Gods acknowledge : Tue Lord of death, whose shade is life immortal. What God shall we adore with our oblation?

490May powers auspicious come to us from every side, never deceived, unhindered and victorious, That the Gods ever may be with us for our gain^ our guar- dians day by day, unceasing in their care.

491Miy the auspicious favour of the Gods be ours, on ns^ descend the bounty of the righteous Gods. The frien<lship of the Gods have we devoutly sought : so may the Gods extend our life that we may live.

492Separation : vidhriti ; the ritual name of two blades of grass laid cross- wise on the altar. See VII. 4 ; S. B. G. XII. p. 93 ; XXVI. 89. Jumbaka: a name of Varuna. •

493Four te^ts follow constituting the Inviting and OSTering Verses of the Sacrifice of the Horse and other victims to Prajipati. Verse 10 is repeated from XIII. 4 and XXIII. 1.

494Taken from R. V. X. 121. 2. The first division of the second line i» difficult. Prof. M. Miiller renders it : ' Whotje s\iadow is immortali^s whose shridow is death.' The meaning may be that his cold shadow (hiB di.><pl«iasure, or ignorance of him, is death, while the shadow, reflection, or knowledge of his bright glory makes his worshipper immortal.

495Ten stanzas follow constituting the Inviting and Offering Verses «f the oblations of marrow or omentum and rice-cakes to the AIIQoda. They are taken from R. V. I. 89. 1—10. rSBSE2Z.] WHITE YAJURVEDA. 227

BOOK THE TWENTY-SIXTH.

496That I to all the people may address this salutary speech, To priest and nobleinan, Sudra and Arva, to one of our own kin and to the stranger. Dear may I be to Gods and guerdon-giver. Fulfilled be this my hope : be that my portion !

497Give us, Brihaspati, that wondrous treasure, that which ex- ceeds the merit of the foernan, Which shines among the folk etfectual, splendid, that. Son of Law, which is with might reful<rent. Taken upon a base art thou. Tliee for Brihaspati. This is thy home. Thee for Brihaspati,

498Come hither, Indra, rich in kine ! Drink Soma, Lord of Hundred Poweis, Effused by biaying pressing-stones. Taken upon a base art thou. Thee for Indra, rich in kine. This is thy home. Thee for indra, rich in kine. with the Lunar Sacrifices, Oblation to the Manes, the Agnihotra, the Sea- sonal Sacrifices, the V.-ljapeya, the U;\jasiiya, the Sautrtimani.theAsvamedha, etc., which have formed the subjects of earher Books. To these sacrifices these supplementary formulas are to be applied as occiision requires.

499Bring low: under my control; iut) my possession. The boon I men- tion: a blank prayer, the special blessing that is desired must be stated when the formula is used. Seven communities: probably meaning, all the peofile. See R. V. VIII. 81. 20. According to MahlHhara, the seven organs of perception are intended, and Paramltnia the Supreme Self, is* their Lord. therefore supplies He Svdmin^ yastfu tava, Lord, whose are. So-and-So : feouie man vvitii whom the speaker is at variance, and whose name is to be applied as occasion requires. Cp. V^II. 3; IX. 38, 40.

500Arya: the Vaisya, the man of the people, the agriculturist and trader, of ttie third class Be that: the special boon piayed for, wealth, kine, sons, or wJiatever it may be, is to be declared when the formula is used.

501Taken from H. V. II. 23. 15. The foeman : the ungodly man of alien creed. Son of Law : who hast thy beins: in accordance with rtia, Right, Ti utk, or eternal Law and Order. Taken upon a hane : see VII. 4. He ^dJredses the cup of Soma juice which he takes or draws for Brihaspati, 232 THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOK XXVI,

502Indra, Vritra-slayer, come. Drink Soma, Lord of Hun- dred Powers, Expressed with stones whose wealth is kiive. Taken upon a base art thou, etc., as in ver«ie 4.

503Vaisvslnara the rightaoiis One, the Lord of sacrifice and lights The heat that wasteth not, we seek. Taken upon a base art thoii. Thee for Vaisvanara. This is thy home: thee for Vaisvanara.

504Still in Vaisvanara's grace may we continue : yea^ he is King Supreme o'er all things living. Sprung hence to life upon this All he looketh. Vaisvanaia hath rivalry with Surya. Taken upon a base art thou, etc., as in verse 6.

505Hitherward come Vaisvanara to succour us from far away, Agni through laud that brings him near! Taken upon a base, etc , as in verse 6.

506Agni is Pavamana, Sage, the Tribe-Piiesi; of the Raoei Fire: To him of mighty wealth we pray. Taken upon a base art thou. Thee for lustre.. This is thy home. Thee for lustre.

507May mighty Indra, thunder-armed, may Shodas; protect us well, and slay the wicked man who hatetli us. Taken upon a base art thou. Thee for Mahendra. This is thy honie. Thee for Mahendra.

508As cows low to their calvea in stalls so with our sangs we^ glorify This Indra, e'en your wondrous God who checks assault,, who joys in the delicious juice.

509Agni's is the moat fetching song. Shine mightily, thou rich in light I Like the Chief Consort of a King, riches and strength proceed from thee.

510Whose wealth is hint: libations of Soma juice being thus i*ewarded.

511The heat that wasteth not: ' Exbaustless beat am 1 (Agm)*^: — R.y.IIL 26.7.

512Sprung hence: produced from these two araniSf the fire-drill, Tbe- text is taken from R. V. 1. 98. 1.

513Taken from R. V. IX. 66. 20. Pavamdna: Self-parifying ,- an epitliet applied botb to Soma and to Aqui. Tribe Priest : or Purt>hita. Jtcicer Five : the four castes and Nishddas or aboriginal tribes, according to ihb commentators.

514Shodast: a title of Indra. See VIII. 33, note. Mahendra: Great IndnL

515Taken from R. V. Vlll. 77. 1. Covfs: milked for sacrificial purposw »Dd temporarily separated from their calves. See I., introductory note.

BOOK THE TWENTY-SEVENTH

516Kindle thee, Agni, wake this man to knowledge : rise up erect for great and happy fortune. Agni, be those uninjured who adore thee, thy priests be glorious and none beside them !

517The Brahraans present here elect thee, Agni : be thou pro- pitious in our sanctuary. with care that never ceases.

518Even here do thou, Agni, stablish wealth : let not oppres- sors injure thee by thinking of thee first. Light be thy task of ruling, Agni, with thy power : may he who worships thee wax strong, invincible.

519Kind to the people, grasp thy power, Agni : contend thou with the B'riend by way of friendship. invoked by Kings around thee.

520Past those who slay, past enemies, past thoughtless men, past those who hate, — Yea, Agni, drive away all woe and trouble: vouchsafe us opulence with men about us.

521Holder of sway, shine here refulgent, Agni ! invincible, unconquered Jatavedas. Light all the regions, chasing human terrors : with happy helps guard us to-day for increase.

522Varied from A. T. VII. 82. 3. Let not oppresiort: lot aot #he wicked, at!t,i#ipating our worship, secure thy attention before us, and, as unworthy adcners, in.siilt and degrade thy majesty.

523A. V. II. 6. 4. The Friend: the God Mitra. By way of friendship; mitradhd.

524A. V. II. 6. 5, slightly varied.

525Varied, from A. V. VII. 84. I. 236 THB TEXTS OF THE [BOOK XXVIl

526Brihaspati, Savitar, give this man knowledge : sharpen him thoroughly though already sharpened. rejoice and triumph.

527As thou, Brihaspati, from curse hast freed us, from dwelling yonder in the realm of Yama, The Afvins, Leeches of the Gods, Agni, haye chased Death far from us with mighty powers,

528Looking upon the loftier light, etc., as in XX. 31.

529Uplifted are the brands that are his fuel : lofty and brilliant are the flames of Agni, Splendidly bright of the Son fair of aspect.

530Tanunapat the Asura, all-possessing, God among Gods, the God with mead and butter shall bedew the paths.

531With mead to sacrifice thou comest, Agni, comest as friendly- minded Narasamsa, and Savitar righteous God who brings all blessings.

532He Cometh hitherward with power and fatness, the luIninoul^ implored with adoration. While rites proceed the ladles move to Agni.

533Let him pay worship to this Agni's greatness, daintily fed: he verily grives enjoyments : The wiliest Vasu he, and best wealth -girer.

534Widely expansive, ruling by foundation, the Doors divine — and, after, all — Preserve this:Agni's holy works.

BOOK THE TWENTY-EIGHTH.

535Him let the Ho tar worship, him Tanunapat with ready aids; the conqueror never overcome, Indra, the God who finds heaven's light on paths most rich in pleasant sweets, with Narasamsa all aglow. Let Mm enjoy, etc., as in verse 1.

536With viands let the Hotar worship Indra immortal, praised, receiver of oblationsj. The God, the equal of the Gods in vigour, the thuuder- wielder, breaker-down of castles. Let him ©ujoy, et-c.

537Let the Priest worship Indra, Bull who sitteth on hacred grass, doer of manly actions. Let him be seated on the grass with Vasus and Rudras and Adityas for companions. Let him enjoy, etc.

538Let the Priest sacrifice. The Doors have strengthened In- dra, his force and conquering might and vigour. At this our worship let the Doors be opened, easy to pass, the strengtheners of Order : wide let them open out for bounteous indra. Let them enjoy, etc.

539Let the Priest sacrifice to Night and Morning, the teeming Cows of Indra, Mighty Mothers. Indra their calf with lustre have they strengthened, even as two mothers of a calf in common. Let them enjoy, etc

540Let the Priest worship both the heavenly Hotars, Frieudii, Leeches, healing Indra with oblation. The sages, Gods preeminent for wisdom bestow on Indra his surpassing power. Let them enjoy, etc. XXI. which treat of the Sautrdman! ceremony.

541Verses 1 — 11 form an Aprl or Pr()[)itiatory Hymn. See XX. 37, note. to follow. Eai'tlis centre : the altar. Hotar : the human Hotar is addressed.

542TanHnapdt: Son of Himself; Agni as continually reproduced frum other fire. Nard»um,sa : Praise or Desire of men ; Agni.

543Castles : the cloud-castles of the demons who withhold the run.

544Doors : of the sacriticifil hall.

545Uotars : !• irmamental and Terrestrial Agni. VBRSB 14.] WBITE YAJURVEDA. 241 S Let the Priest offer sacrifice to the three Goddesses and balm. Bh&rati the mighty Dames, Consorts of Indra, who receive our sacrificial offerings, enjoy the butter, etc.

546Let the Priest worship Tvashtar radiant Indra, Physician good at sacrifice, graced with butter. Multiform and prolific, rich and bounteous. Let Tvashtar, giving wondrous powers to Indra, enjoy, etc.

547Let the Priest worship him, the Forest-Sovran, the Immola- tor. Lord of Hundred Powers, the lover of the prayer, the friend of Indra. Balming with mead, may he on easy pathways sweeten our saerifice with savoury butter. Let him enjoy, etc.

548Let the Priest offer sacrifice to Indra ; with Hail ! to Gods of butter ; with Hail 1 to Gods of marrow ; with Hail ! to Gods of drops; with Hail ! to Gods of offerings paid with Svaha ; with Hail ! to Gods of sacrificial hymns. All-hail ! May butter-drinking Gods and Indra rejoicing taste the butter. Hotar, worship.

549Vigorous, strewn by Gods upon the altar the right Gods' sacred Grass hath strengthened Indra. Out in the day, cherished by night it hath surpassed those who have sacrificial Grass with wealth. For gain of riches let him taste. Pay sacrifice.

550Firm, closely joined, the Doors divine have strengthened Indra in the rite. Pressed by a calf or tender boy may they drive off the courser as he tosses up the sand. For gain of wealth let them enjoy. Pay sacrifice.

551Morning and Night, the Goddesses, have called on Indra as the rite advanced. May they well-pleased and ordered well make the Celestial Tribes come forth. For gain of wealth let them enjoy. Pay sacrifice.

552Three Goddesses: see XX. 43. Active Ones: said to mean Agni, V&yu, Sfirya.

553Radiant Indra : identi6ed with, or mighty as, Indra. Multiform : as creator of all living beings.

554Forest- So vr an : Vanaspati, the Sicrificial Stake. See XX. 46, note.

BOOK THE TWENTY-NINTH.

555Balming the paths that lead to heaven with fatness, let the Steed go unto the Gods well-knowing. Courier, the Quarters of the sky attend thee ! Bestow thou food upon this Sacrificer.

556Thou, Steed, art meet for laud and veneration ; swift, fit for sacrifice art thou, Courser. In concert with the Gods aud Vasus Agni Omniscient waft thee a contented bearer !

557Pleased with much Sacred Grass which we have scattered wide spread upon the earth, a pleas8nt carpet. Joined with the Gods may Aditi, accordant, bestowing bliss award it happy fortune.

558May these your Doors divine that wear all colours, auspi- cious, with uplifted leaves unfolding, Lofty and closely fitted aud sonorous, rich in adornment, offer easy passage.

559Your two Dawns rich in gold and varied colour, travelling on 'twixt Varuna and Mitra, Acquainted with the face of sacrifices, I settle here within the home of Order.

560Your two chief Hotars have I pleased, bright-coloured, borne on one car, Gods who behold all creatures. Those who prepare your rules and ordinances aud make you see the light by their direction.

561Bharatt with Adityas love our worship ! Sarasvati with Rudras be our helper, And I d^ in accord, invoked with Vasus! Goddesses, place our rite among the Immortals. • i ' i ■ ,, This Book is supplementary to Book ZXII.—XXV. which treat of the Aifvamedha or Horse-Sacrifice.

562This and the ten following verses form an Aprl or Propitiatory Hymn. See XX. 37, note.

563Leaves : sides of the double door of the paorificial hall.

564Two Daxons : Morning and closely connected Night. Varuna and Mitra : representing, respectively, sky and earth.

565The light: according to Mahtdhara, the Ahavaniya fire. Direction: commanding them to offer aacriUca. 2iS THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOK XXIX.

566The God-devoted son Tvashtar produces: from Trashtar springs to life your fleet-foot Courser. Tvashtar gave being to this All about us. Priest, worship here the mighty work's achiever.

567Let the Steed seek his home, and balmed with butter go of himself unto the Gods in season. To the Gods' world Vanaspati, well-knowing, bear our obla- tions which the Are has tasted !

568Thou, waxing by Prajapati's strong fervour, bora quickly, guardest sacrifice, Agni. Gods, eat our oblation.

569What time, first spriusjing into life, thou neighedst, proceed- ing from the sea or cloudy vapour, Limbs of the deer hadst thou, and eagle pinions. O Steed, thy birth is high ^ind must be lauded.

570This Steed, bestowed by Yama, Trita harnessed, and Indra was the first to mount and ride him. His bridle the Gandbirva grasped. O Vasus, from out the Sun ye fashioned forth the Courser.

571Yama art thou, Horse; thou art Aditya; Trita art thoo by secret operation. From Soma thou art thoroughly divided. They say thei» are three bonds in heaveu that hold thee.

572Three bonds, they say, thou hast in heaven to bind thee, three in the waters, three within the ocean. , ,1,1 ^^f — 1 M — m-~^rr—^

573Sddhyas: eee XXIV. 27, and R. V. I. 164. 50; X. 90. 7, 16.

574This and the twelve follovriDg verses are taken from R. V. I. 168. ocean of air.

BOOK THE THIRTIETH.

575May we attain that excellent glory of Sa'itar the God : So may he stimulate our prayers.

576Savitar, God, send far away all trouhies md calamities, And send us only what is good.

577We call on him distributer of wondrous bmnty and of wealth. On Savitar who looks on men.

578The verse is repeated from XI. 7.

579Repeated from III. 35 and XXII. 9.

580Taken from R. V. V. 82. 5.

581Taken from R. V. I. 22. 7.

582Lost: that is, allowed to go out. AyogH: the meaning is uncertain ; perhaps * a gambler,' or ' an unchaste woman,' as Prof. Weber translates in Indische Streifen, I. 76, where, and in the following pages. Prof. W. has given a version, with explanatory notes, of the whole list of victims and objects to which they are dedicated Mdgadha: the word meaning original- ly * belonging to the Magadha country (South Bah^r)' means a professional bard, minstrel, or panegyrist, the son of a Vaisya and a Kshatriya. 256 THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOR XXX.

583For Dance i stable-master; for Song a public dancer; for Duty one who attends court ; for Pastime a timid man ; for Sport a chatterer; for Laughter an artist ; for Pleasure a woman-Uver; for Desire a damsel's sou; for Dexterity a car-builder; for Firmness a carpenter;

584For Trouble a potter's son; for Device an artificer; for Beauty a jeyelier; for Welfare a sower; for the Arrow- deity a makff of shafts ; for Injury a bowyer; for Action a bowstring-naker ; for Fate a rope-maker ; for Death a hunter ; for .he Finisher a dog-leader ;

585For Rivers a fiaierman ; for Bikshik^s a Nish&da's son ; for the Man-tigei a madman ; for the Gandharvas and Ap- sarases a Vratfa ; for Motives one demented ; for Serpents and Genii an untrustworthy man; for Dice a gambler; for Excitement a non-^mbler ; for Pisachas a woman who splits cane ; fo" Yatudhauas a woman who works in thorns;

586For Rendezvous a lover ; for Homestead a paramour ; for Trouble an unnarried elder brother ; for Nirriti a younger brother who hai married before his elder; for Misfortune the husband oi a younger sister whose elder sister has not been marriel ; for Representation a woman who em- broiders; for Agreement a woman who deals in love- charms ; for Gartulity a by-sitter; for Colour an obstinate man ; for Streng^ a yielding man ;

587For Interruptions a hunch-back ; for Delight a dwarf ; for Doors a blear-eyed man ; for Sleep a blind man ; for Un- righteousness a de&f man ; for Purifying Medium a physi- cian ; for Insight ac astrologer ; for Craving for Knowledge an inquisitive man; for Desire of extra Knowledge an extra-inquisitive man; for Moral Law a qnestion-solver;

588For Eye-diseases an elephant-keeper; for Speed a horM* keeper; for Nourifihment a cowherd; for Manliness a shepherd ; for Keenness a goatherd ; for Refreshment a ploughman ; for Sweet Beverage a preparer of Snr& ; for Weal a house-guard ; for Well-being a possessor of wealth; for Supervision a doorkeeper's attendant ;

589Tke Finisher : Antaka, another name of Death.

590RUcshikds: a class of evil spirits, mentioned in A. V. XII. 1. 49 in oon- nexiun with lions, tigers, hyenas, and wolves. Vrdtya : the chief of a band of nomad Nonconformists of Aryan extraction, but absolutely iudependent and not following the Aryan or Br&hmanist way of life. See A. V. XV. fiendish sorcerers.

591Nirriti : or Destruction.

592Sweet Beverage: kiUla ; see II. 34 ; III. 43 ; XX. 65. VEJtSS 16.1 WHITE YAJURVEDA. 2S7

593For Light a wood-bringer ; for Brightness a fire-kindler ; for the Sun's Station a besprinkler; for Highest Heaven a high steward ; for the World of Gods a carver ; for the World of Meu a distributer ; for All- Worlds a pourer-out: for Poverty, Affliction a stirrer-up of strife ; for Sacrifice a washerwoman ; for Delight a female dyer ;

BOOK THE THIRTY-FIRST.

594Purusha is in truth this All, what hath been and what yet shall be ; Lord, too, of immortality which waxes greater stiU by food.

595So mighty in his grandeur; yea, greater than this is Ptlrusha. All creatures are one fourth of him, three fourths eternal life in heaven. to the assembled human victims the famous Purusha Hymn (verse 1 — 16), taken, with transpositions and variations, from R. V. X. 90 (A. V. XIX. 6), which celebrates the mystical immolation of Purusha, the origin of all cnia- tion, of which the Purushamedha or Human Sacrifice is an emblematical representation.

596Parmha : the Person, embodied spirit, or Man personified and regard- ed as the soul and original source of the universe, the pers<mal and life- giving principle in all animated beings, \& said to have a tkoumnd, that is, innumerable, headSj eyeSy and/ec^ as being one with all created life. In the A. V. version arms has been substituted for headSj to agree, apparently, with the numbers of eyes and feet. A space ten fingen broad: the regioa of the heart of man wherein the soul was supposed to reside. Although* as the U-iiversal Soul, Purusha pervades the universe, as the Individual Soul he is enclosed in a space of narrow dimensions. Of. A. V. IV. 16. 3. ' The loins of Varuna are both the oceans, and this small drop of water, tOQ| contains him ' ; one of the recently discovered Logia or Sayings of Jeens is to the same effect : * cleave the wood, and thou wilt find me; lift the 8t<HM^ and I am there/

597Eternal life : amritam : immortality, or the immortal (lode. tBRSlS lOJ WSlTS YA^URVMBA. 261

598With three fourths Purusha rose up : one fourth of him again was here. Thence be moved forth to every side over what eats not and what eats.

599From him VirlLj was born ; again Purusha from Viraj was born. When born, he spread to west and east beyond the bound- aries of earth.

600From that great General Sacrifice the dripping fat was gathered up. He formed the creatures of the air and animals both wild and tame.

601From that great General Sacrifice Bichas and S^ma hymns were born : Therefrom were spells and charms produced \ the Yajus had its birth from it.

602From it ^ere horses born, from it all cattle with two rows of teeth t From it were generated kine, from it were goats and sheep produced.

603They balmed as victim on the grass Purusha bom in earliest time. With him the Deities and all Sadhyas and Sishis sacrificed.

604When they divided JPurusha how many portions did they make?

605Ovtr what eats not cuid what eats : over animate and inanimate creation. those capable of enjoyment, that is, who can taste the reward and punish- ment of good and evil actions, such as Gods, men, and lower animals, and those who are incapable thereof, such as mountains and rivers — cketanam, or conscious, achetaiiamf or unconscious, creation.

606From kim: or, from that, the ' one- fourth ' mentioned in stanzas 3 and

607Richas : verses (»f praise and prayer for recitation. Sdma hymns : psalms for chanting. Spells and chai'ms : magical incantations ; probably thot<e of the later collection of the Atharva-veda. The Yajus : the Collection of Sacrificial formulas. Q Sddhyat : see XXIV. 27 ; XXIX. 11 ; XXX. 16. 262 TBB TEXTS OP ^HS [BOOS XXXL What was bis mouth? what were his armsl what are the names of thighs and feet ?

608The Brahman was his mouth, of both his arms waQ the ESjanya made. His thighs became the Vaisya, from his feet the S&dra was produced.

609The Moon was gendered from his mind, and from his eye the Sun had birth ; Viyu and Prdj^ from his ear, and from, his mouth was Agm born.

610Forth from his navel came mid-air ,* the sky was Dashioned from his head ; Earth from his feet, and from his ear the Quarters. Thus they formed the worlds.

BOOK THE THIRTY SECOND.

611All twinklings of the eyelid sprang from Purusha, respleud- ent One. No one hath comprehended him above, across, or in the midst.

612There is no counterpart of him whose glory verily is great. In the beginning rose Hiranyagarhha, etc. Let not him harm me, etc. Than whom there is no other born, etc.

613This very God pervadeth all the regions; yea, bom afore- time, in the womb he dwelleth. He verily born and to be bom hereafter meeteth his off- spring, facing all directions.

614Before whom naught whatever sprang to being; who with his presence aids all living creatures, Prajapati, rejoicing in his offspring, he, Shodaff, maintains the Three great Lustres.

615By whom tlie heavens are strong and earth stands firmly, by whom light's realm and sky-vault are supported; By whom the regions in mid-air were measured. What God shall we adore with oiir oblation ) This and the two following Books contain texts and formulas to be uaed at the performance of a Sarvamedha or Saciifiee for Uuivcrwil Success And Prosperity, a ten-day ceremony that ranks higher and is considered to bs more important than even the Parunhamedha. After performing this cere- mony the Sacrificer has to leave his home and retire to the wildeniera foe the rest of his life. This Book is considered to be au Upani^had, entitled Tadeva from the first two words.

616Tfiat : tad ; the Supreme Self. Chandramis : the Moon. I^OM : tlie celebrated. ->. TwlnJdings : moments and measures of time. Compr^tetided s at aa ohject of perception.

617In the beginning , etc. : three passages are referred to, which have oc- curred, respectively, in XXV. 10—13 ; XII. 103 ; VIII. 86, tdl celebntlog the greatness of Piajopati or Purusha. i Aforetime : or, the first. Cf. XXXI. 19.

618The second line is repeated from VIII. 36. Three LuiireM: Agni, Vjiyn, Siirya. or the Sun, the Moon, and Agni.

619T.i) en from R. V. X. 121. 5. What God, etc: or, Worship we Kaths God. See XIII. 4. VER8B 11] W^ITE YAJURVEDA, 265

620To whom, supported by his help, two armies embattled look while trembling in their spirit, Where over them the risen Sun is shining. What God shall we adore with our oblation ? What time the mighty waters, etc. He in his might &\xx* veyed, etc.

621The Sage beholdeth That mysterious Being wherein this All hath found one only dwelling. is the warp and woof in creatures.

622Knowing Eternity, n)ay the Gandharva declare that station, parted, kept in secret. Three steps thereof in mystery are hidden : he who knows these shall be the father's father.

623He is our kin, our Father and Begetter : he knows all be* ings and all Ordinances, In whom the Gods obtaining life eternal have risen upward to the third high station.

624Mtfsterious Being : Brahma, the Absolute. Unites : is absorbed, at the periodical destruction of the universe at the end of a Kalpa or day of Brahiii&t an eon of four hundred and thirty-two million years of mortals. hsmes : at the time of a new creation.

625Takeii, with a variation, from A. V. II. 1. 2. 7*he Gandharva: meaniDg here, according to Mahidhara, Colebrooke, and Weber, the sage, the learn- ed theologian ; or, it may be, the Sun. Parted : in the absorption and the re cieatioa of the universe. The A. V. reading is paramamf highest. Three steps : according to Mahtdbara, the three paddnif steps, or conditions, are creation, con tiu nance, and di>«appearance, or the Absolute (Brahma), the DemiurguB or Creator, and the individual SeTf. Prof. Weber suggests that the reference is to the Purusha Sdkta, 3, 4, of Book XXXI. Father' s father: wiser than, and able to teach, his elders.

626He : the Almighty Creator. Obtaining life immoftal: Agni alone who is here identified with the Creator was originally immortal and the other Gods obtiined immortality through him. Third high station: highest heaven The first line is taken from A. V. II. 1. 3. Cf. R. V. X. 82. 3. of human life. Encompassed round : with the glance of his enlightened mind which shows the utuverae to be Brahma. Ordet* : the eternal Law of the universe, whose Jirst-born Child is apparently PrajApati ; or, according to Mahldliara, Vdk the Sacred Word coimoting religious ceremonies per- formed therewith. He : the performer of the Universal Sacrifice. 266 WHITE YAJURVBDA. [BOOK XXXtJ.

627Having gone swiftly round the enrth and heaven, around the worlds, at'oiuid the sky, the Quarters, Having spread out the len^tiieued thread of Order, he viewSy and he becomes and is That Being.

628To the Assembly's wondrous Lord, to Indra's lovely Friend who gives Wisdom, have I drawn near in prayer.

629That wisdom which the Companies of Gods, and Fathers, recognize. Even with that intelligeuce, Agni, make me wise to-day. AU-hail !

BOOK THE THIRTY-THIRD.

630Gold-coloured, bannered with the smoke, urged by the wind, aloft to heaven Rise, lightly borne, the flames of fire. Z Bring to us Mitra-Varuna, bring the Gods to the great sacrifice ; Bring them, Agni, to thine home.

631Yoke, Agni, as a charioteer, thy steeds who best invoke the Gods: As ancient Hotar take thy seat.

632To fair goals travel Two unlike in semblanoe : each in suc- cession nourishes an infant. shining is be with the other.

633Here by ordainers was this God appointed first Invoker, best at worship, to be praised at rites, Whom Apnavana and the Bbrigus caused to shine, bright- coloured iu the wood, spreading to every house.

634Three times a hundred Gods, and thrice a thousand, and three times ten, and nine have worshipped Agni, For him spread sacred grass, balmed him with butter, and stablished him as Priest and Sacrificer. The formulas for the Universal Sacrifice are continued.

635The first seventeen verses constitute a litany to AgnL The first verse is taken from R. V. X. 46. 7. ProtectorB : this is Mahldhara's explanation of aritrd, as though the word came from aHt an enemy, and tr^, to protect from. The literal meaning is oars, rudders, or propellers. LUce toindi : as winds fan flame, so Soma libations increase the might of AgnL

636Taken from R. V. VIII. 43. 4.

637Repeated from XIII. 87,

638R. V. I 95. 1. Two: Day and Night. Infant: Agni as the Sun by day, and Fire, or the Moon, by night.

639Repeated from III. 16 ; taken from R. V. IV. 7. 1.

640R. V. III. 9. 9. In the Vaisvadeva Nivid or Formula of Invitation to the All*God8, the number of the Gods is said to be 3 times II, then 38, then 803, then 3003. By adding together 38 + 803 + 3000 the number 8339 is ob- tained. See Hang's Aitareya Br&hmanam, XL p, 212, noto* 268 THE TEXTS OP THE [BOOE X^Xltt.

641Him, messenger of eai*th and head of Leaven, Agni Vaisvi- nara, born in holy Order, The Sage, the King, the Guest of men, a vessel fit for their mouths, the Gods have geuerated.

642May Agui slay the foemeu, — fain for riches, through the love of song Kindled, bright, served with sacrifice.

643With the All-Gods, with Indra and with Vaya drink the Soma mead, Agni, after Mitra's laws. 1 1 When splendour reached the Lord of men to speed him, down from the heaven was shed the brilliant moisture. ful host benevolent and blameless.

644Show thyself strong for mighty bliss, Agni; most excel- lent be thine eflfulgent splendours. Make easy to maintain our household lordship and trample down the might of those who hate us.

645We have elected thee as most delightful for thy beams' glow : hear our great laud, Agni. The best men praise thee as the peer of Indra in strength, mid Gods, like Valyu in thy bounty.

646Agni who art worshipped well, dear let our princes be to thee, Our wealthy patrons who are governors of men, who part Iti gifts their stalls of kine.

647Repeated from VII. 24; taken from R. V. VI, 7. 1. A ^ead: throngli whom they receive sacrifioial offerings.

648After Mitra' 8 laws: mitrasya dhdmahhihj according to lCah!dhani« (praised) by the names of Mlti-a.

649R. V. I. 71. 8. The Lord of men : the protector of the saorificer, we*- cording to Mahtdhara, that is, .Agni. Pi'om the heaven : the text has dyai^ which, Mahtdhara says, is used in the sense of the genitive 6{yo{i. into whidi prol>a'»ly, it may be corrected. See Oldemberg, Vedic Hymu«, Part XL p. formulary used on drawing the Marutvatiyagraha or cup for Indra attended by the Manits.

BOOK THE THIRTY-SIXTH.

650Whatever deeply-sunk defect I have of eye, or mind, or heart, that may Brihaspati amend ! Gracious to us l)e he, Protector of the world.

651Earth ! Ether ! Heaven ! May we attain that excellent, etc., as in III. 35.

652What genuine, etc., as in XXVII. 40.

653Do thou who art, etc., as in XXVII. 41.

654Hero, with what aid dost thou delight us, with what succour bring Riches to those who worship thee ?

655Indra is king of all that is : may weal attend our bipeds and our quadrupeds.

656Gracious be Mitra unto us, and Varuna and Aryaman ; Indra, Brihaspati be kind, and Vishnu of the mighty stride.

657Pleasantly blow the wind for us, may Sdrya warm us plea- santly.

658May days pass pleasantly for us, may nights draw near de- lightfully. Befriend us with their aids Indra and Agni, Indra and Varuna who taste oblations. Indra and Pushan be our help in battle, Indra and Soma give health, strength, and ci^mfort,

659May the celestial Waters, our helpers, be sweet for ug to drink. And flow with health and strength to us. unimpaired faculties, health, strength, prosperity, security, tranquillity, and contentment— of the Pravargya ceremony which is a preparatory rite of the Soma sacrifice. See Sacred Books of the East, XII. 44 ; XXVI. 104.?

660R. V. VIII. 82. 19. Hero : Indra is addressed.

661The first line is taken from A. V. VII. 69. 1, as is also the first line of the following verse.

662Befriend us : taken from R. V. VII. 35. X. 292 WmVE YAJU^VEDAn [BOOK XXXVl

663Pleasant be thou to us, Earth, etc., M in XXXV. 21,

664Ye, Waters, are, etc., as in XL 50.

665Give us a portion, etc., as in XI. 51.

666To you we gladly come, etc., as in XI. 52.

667Sky alleviation, Air alleviation, £ai'tb alleTiation, Plants alleviation, Trees alleviation, All-Gods allevjntion, Brahma alleviation, Universe alleviation, just Alleviation alleviation — may that alleviation come to me !

668Caldron, strengthen me. May all beings regard me with the eye of a friend. May I regard all beings with the eye of a friend. With the eye of a friend do we regard one another.

669Do thou, Caldron, strengthen me. Long may I live fo look on thee. Long may I live to look on ti»ee.

BOOK THE THIRTY-NINTH.

670To the Quarters Svaha ! To the Moon SvkUi ! To the Stars Svaha ! To the Waters Sv&h& ! To Varuna Svaha ! To the Navel Sv^ha ! To the Purified Sv&ha ! *

671To Speech Svah^ ! To Breath Sv&ha ! To Breath SvaU& ! To Sight Svaha ! To Sight Svilhl^ ! To Hearing Svaha ! To Hearing Svaha !

672The wish ai^tl purpocie of the mind ancl truth of speech msiy I obtain. Bestowed on me be cattle's form, sweet taste of food, apd fame and grace. Svaha !

673PrHJapjiti while in prepniation ; Samraj when prepared ; All-Gods* when seated; Ghaima when heated w»th tire; Splendour when lifted up; the Asvins' while niilk is poured in ; Pushan's when the butter trickles down it ; the Marnts* when the milk is clotting ; Mitra's when the milk's skin is spreadinir; Yayu*8 when it is carried ofF; Aj^ni's whil^ offered as oblatiou ; Y^k when it has betu offered,

674Savitar on the first day ; .^j:ni on the second ; Vayn on the third ; Aditya (the Sun) on the fourth : Chandmm&s (the Moon) on the fifth ; llitu on the sixth ; the iMarnts on the seventh ; Brihasputi on the eighth ; Mitra on the ninth; Varqna on the tenth; Indra on th§ eleventh; the All-(Jods on the twelfth. f'»r any failure or defect in the perform:«pce of lUe Prayargya ceremony ; in CHse, for instancp. the caldron should break, or the contents be allowed to boil over, or the cow give f»(!ur or bloody milk. Oblations of butter, accompanied \^ith the foiniulaS; aie ofieied to various deities and deitt'd objects.

675Sv^lhd ! the sacrificinl exclnmation on making an offering ; May tlie obla- tiou be properly made! TJieir ControUincf Jjoni: HiranyajrarbhaorPia^'fipjiti.

676Navel : the central point ; the High ^\u\r may be meant. 21ie Puri- ltd: according to Mahidhara, the God who purifit-s.

677Speech, etc. : meaning the deities who i reside over the^'e faculties. battles form : beauty i»r splendour connvcted with cattle, says Mahidhara. tage* of the ceremony, and expiatory oblatiouH, if required, are to be offered ccordingly. Milk's skin : Cf. XXI^VIII. 15, ♦J Rilu : the Se;i8c»n, personified. 302 THE TEXTS OF THE [BOOM XXXIX.

678Fierce; Terrible; The Resonant ; The Roarer; YictoriouB; Assailant ; and Dispeller. SvaJia. ' 8 Agui with the heart; Lightning with the heart's point; Pasupati with the whole heart ; Bhava with the liyer. Sarva with the two cardiac bones ; Isana with Passion ; Mah^deva with the intercostal flesh ; the Fierce God with the rectum ; Yasishtha-hanuh, Singis with two luDQps of flesh near the heart.

679The Fierce with blood ; Mitra with obedience, Rudra with disobedience ; Indra with pastime ; the Maruts with strength ; the Sadhyas with enjoyment. Bhava's is what is on the throat ; Rudra's what is between the ribs; Mahadeva's is the liver; Sarva's the rectum; i Pasupati's the pericardium.

680To the hair S\khk ! To the tair Svkhk ! To the skin SyIWI To the skin Svkhi ! To the blood Swihk ! To the blopd Svkhk 1 To the fats Svaha ! To the fats Sviba ! To the ■■ fleshy parts S^aha ! To the fleshy parts Sykhk ! To the | sinews Svkhk ! To the sinews Sykhkl Svkhk to the bones! ; Svaha to the bones ! To the marrows Sy&ha ! To the marrows Svah& ! To the seed SvahS. ! To the anus Svihi!

681This formula, called technically aranye nUckyam, To be recited in thi forest, eon tains the names of seven of the fiercest Maruts. See XV IL 81— 85, from the last line of which the formula is repeated.

682With the heart : I propitiate or gratify, understood. Pafupati : Larf of Beasts or Cattle, a title of Rudra who is called also Bhava nnd ^arm See XVI. 28. Cardiac bones : or, according to some, kidneys See XIX- 86; XXV. 8. Isdna: Lord ; Ruler; also one of the older names of Rudra. Sei A. V. XV. 5. Mahddeva : the Great God ; Rudra, VasUpta-hanuii, §ui^: \ nothing can be made out of the text which appears to be corrupt. f

683The Fiei'ce : Rudra in his terrible manifestations ; I propitiate, bdni { understood. Sddhyaa : a class of ancient deities ; Blessed Gods : Eggelinf^ •

684The object of the Pravargya, which is a purificatory and introdaeiaiy : ceremony like Dikshft or Consecration (IV. 2 ; V. 6) is the bodily r«geM- I ration of the Sacrificer, the provision of a heavenly body with which akM ] he it) permitted to enter the residence of the Gods (Haug, Aitareya Bdk \ manam, II. 42, note). At the conclusion of the ceremony, therefore, tki > sacrificial materials are so arranged as to form the semblance of a hmiMl figure. The Mahdviras represent the head ; the Prastara or sacrificial bunck of grass the hair ; the two milk-vessels are his ears ; the plates of gold and silver bis eyes ; the Rauhina cake potsherds represent the heels ; the ens' tents of the caldron are the blood, and so on (see Hillebrandt, Ritual-Iii* teratur, p. 1 85). The formulas contained in this verse provide the Pravargyi^ man with the bodily parts euij^eiated, and the regeneration of the 881614 cer is thus completed. Faculties and feelings are imparted by the iormsto which follow. VERSE 13.1 WHITE YAJURVBDA, 80»

685To Effort Svaha! To Exertion Svaha! To Endeavour Svahal To Viyasa Svaha ! To Attempt Svaha !

686To Grief Sv^hi ! To the Grieving Svaha ! To the Sorrowing Svaha ! To Sorrow Sviha ! To Heat Svaha ! To him who grows hot Sv&ha ! To him who is beiug heated Svaha ! To him who ha» been heated Svaha ! To Gha.mn Svdha I To x^tonement Svaha! To Expiation Svaha! To Remedy Svaha !

687To Yama Svaha 1 To the Finisher Svaha ! To Death Svaha I To the Priesthood Sviha ! To Brahmanicide Svaha ! To the All-Gods Svaha ! To Heaven and Earth Svaha !

688Viydsa : the meaiiiDg of the word if* not clear, and Mahfdhara o£fer8 DO explanation : * a tormenting t^pirit of Yama'b world, according to tbe Oommentators' : — S. P. Lexicon. Formed from rt + ycw, as the other words in the line are from dy pra-dj %am^ and ud-^-yat, it might, perhaps, be ren- dered by Distraction or Distraint.

689To Oharma: tbe word means (1) heat (2) the heated caldron (8) its heated contents. Atonement : Expiation : for defects in tbe saerifice. See first note. Remedy : the putting together of the Pi-avargya-man and the bodily regeneration of tbe Sacrificer. and bis heralds the Asvins, is alluded to in the Rigveda (V. 30. 15; VII. is described in the Aitareya-Brr^bmaua which belongs to that Veda. See Haag, Ai. Br. II. 41—51. The Caldron is also glorified in A. V. IV. 11. 1—6. brandt's Ritual-Litteratur, and in Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XLV. See also Oldeuberg, Die Religion des Veda, under Pravargya.

BOOK THK FORTIETH.

690One. only doing Karma hei^o, should wish to live a hundred years. No way is there for thee but this. So Karma oleaveth not to man.

691Aye, to the Asuras belong those worlds enwri^pt in blinding gloom. To them, when life on earth is done, depai't tbd m^n who kill the Self. wirh any sacriiioiHl ceremonial. It 'is professedly designed*, tMye ProlMur Weber, *to fix the proper mean between those exclusively engaged in nwri- ficial acts and thoiie entirely neglecting them. It belongs at all events td a very Hdvanced stage of speculation as it assun^es a l^ord (if) of the nnlTeno. against the B^nddlias, that is. probably, against the dootriues which Mt^* wards were called Siiipkhya'. — Histoiy of Ipdian Literature, p. 108,

692Enveloped: or covered The Lord : ts. the Soul of All, and thy in- most Self — the only Absolute Reality. This All: the phenomenal unlvcrNL On earth : in the three worlds ; in the who}e imagiuar.? Ooauius. WiA that renounced: after absoUite renunciation of the world and h11 the vain desires connected with it. Enjotf thyself: delight in the blij*8 of the Beati- fic Vision. According to Sri Sankara, save or protect the Self. Cotttm» ivenlth : and set not thy heart upon what thou culleht thipe, The seeming ezi'^tenee of the world ):» to be covered by the all-embracing, all-absorbiu^ all-8ati.sfying thought of the Deity. way. Only doinff Karma: he who desires life is not fitted to follow tha higher path and in order to avoid sin he must perform the religiouH w«»rki, such as Agnihotra (III. 9) and the like, ordained by the I^Utras. Thtis.aDd thuit only, will he be untainted by evil action, and by a gradual purificatioD of the heart he will attain to Renunciation and its direct goal of MnkU, Liberati(m. or Final Beatitude, that U, the reabsorption of the individual Self into the Supreme Stlf or Soul of the Universe.

693This text condeintift th«»8e who perform Karma with a view to futnie advantages in tins w(»rld or sensual enjoyments in Svarga, and who kill the Self by ig!»orance of its eternal nature. To the Asuras : as compared with the nature of the Supreme Spirit who is without a second, even the Godi and other being:* are »j>oken of as A^»ura« or demons. The worlds of Asuraa include Gods, human beings, the lower animals, and even plants and minerala. VERSE 7.] WHITE TAJURVEDA. 305

694Motionless, ens, swifter than Mind — the Devas failed to overtake it speeding on before them. Matarifvan stablish Action.

695It moveth ; it is motionless. It is far distant ; it is near.

696The man who in his Self beholds all creatures and all things that be, And in all beings sees his Self, thenee doubts no longer^ ponders not.

697When, in the man who clearly knows. Self hath become all thiugs that are. grations, some explanation of its nature is now giyen. MoHonlett: in its unoonditioned states free from the- obstructions of th& body, itsr oiigans of perception, conception^ ete 4 and of the objective or external w^rld. One: all-pervading, and really only one, althougn appearing to the ignorant to be encased separately in every body. Swifter Umu Mwd: seeming, as it is all-pervading, to travel faster than even the Mind (Manas, J^ens, ' the ten" serium eommuney the rallying-point of the senses' — Miax MiiUdr). The Mind, says Sri Sankara, by its power of imagination is known to travel to the world of Brafamft even in a second, and the Self — Atml — seems to arrive there previously. Because Atmft or Brahma^Intdligen^ Absolute — which is the basis of all perception, imagination and though^ and as such reflects itself in ajl the conscious funetions of the senses of thfi Mind, cannot but be considered as going before; otherwise how can the Mind function at all? the Atm&. The othtrt : the senses. Herein : oq by it, the entity of the Atm& whieh pervades all existence^ MdtarifiHtn: VAyu, Air ; the special supporter of all life, which allots their respeciiVe functions to the forces of Kature, urging fire to bum, the Sun to give }t^ light, and the clouds to pour their rain. A etion : the manifestations of ad activity ; the actions of human . beings as well as natural phenom^ia. the assertion, from verse 4. It: the entity of the Atm&. Although constant and unmoving in itself it seems to t&e ignorant to move. Or, physically, it is staUouary in plants and mineralsand moving in animated creatures. Far distant: far beyond the reaeh of the ignorant. Near: close to t^ose who know its nature. Or, Mahidhara says, it is far away in the sun and the stars and close at hand in the earth. Within This AU: being all>pervading and extremely subtile it is at the s^me time within and without the Universe.

698The man : he who has renounced the world and wishes for final release from transmijgration- Jn his Self: as not distinct from his own Atm& or Self. sati is given by Mahtdhara who quotes a SQtra from PAoini (3. 1. 5) imply- ing that the affix san is used in the root's own aense^svirthe san pratyayah — i. e. not in the desiderat re sense. The lading of the K4ava recension ia na vijugupsatCf that is, does not shrink away from them as alien and inferior to his own Self.

699As ignorance, the source of grief and delusion, has been destroyed ia the man who beholda the one, sdl -pervading, pure Self, free from duality, his condition 'a ^ne of uninterrupted bliss. 306 THE TEXTS OF TBE {BOOK XL What wilderment, what grief is there ia hiia who. sees the One alone ?

700He hath attatoed ttuto the Bright, Bodiless, Woundless, Sinewless, the Pure which evil hath not piefced. cribed aims, as propriety demands, unto the everlasting Years.

701Deep into shade oT blinding gloom fall AsambhClti^s wor- shippers. They sink to. darkness deeper yet who on Sombhikti aire intent.

702One fruit, they say, from Samhhava, another from Asambhava. TUus fyooi the sages ha\^e we heard wha have declared this bre ta us.

703TheiQian wha knowa &\mbhiiti an<f VinSsa sfmwTtaneonalj,.

704He: the nan who has this right knawtedgisot the Self. Th€ Brigki^ete,: Brahma, the Higheet Ei»ence, the Supreme Being. ^ Sa&kaia ezfkhuBl dififereatly :. Re 'the Atrail) encompassed or pervaded all, b^ng bnght^ ets^ thus putting the^ neuter adjectwes in apposition to the mMCuline prooooft snh (he). Mahidhura also gives this alternatife explanation. FUr'»igMidf etc.: referring either to the- maa who knows, orto tb»Atm&^acoordiugto the preferred interpretaftioa of the Erst line of the* versei. A»pfopriHjf demands: so- that evety living being, might receive the- proper fruit of hii action. Tears: I^ajftpO^is or Creative Powers, PhijApati being identified Tvith the Year^ of which U is the Preeidlng Genius. See IX. 20; XXVIL 4&

705In onler to> enjoin the comhined worship of Ajsambhati and SambhAt^ their separate worship i& co^miudd. AjKuubhUl is, according to 1^ ^^ kara. undeveloped Prakriti, iTature in its causal or germinal state when ifc lias not evolved as the universe which is the effect. It i» aUo> enlltid toMOl, darlcness or chaos. This worsh^is mere blinudness. and ignoranoOk anditi adiierents fall into corresponding darkness. SambkiUi: ef plained Ifaj fit Sacikara as the manifestation of Bra^a as Brabmi the pheaomeBaleraatirr calle.l Hiraayagarbha the Golden G^nn, or Praj4pati. 'See IL V. X. lU. birth or existence after deaths and Saibbh iti is the exclusive ABseriioD if that bnlief, devotion to which will produce excess in the praetiee-of

706The text now declares the sep^irate fruit of eocb eleoMnt ol tbe< bined worship of Undeveloped Nature and Hiranya^u'bha in order t» their combination, having fij^ condemned the cults practised separately. in verse 9, or Hiranyagarbha. Asambhava : Undeveloped Nature or Aiam* bhiiti. The result of the former cult is the attainment of certain saperBi^ tural powers called Sfddhis which enable their possessor te ineroMe or rft* duce his size and weight to Miy extent at his pleasure^ ete. £i|^t ol tbeit f icul ties are: uaually en unierated. The worship of Prakriti resolta in abim tion into PrakritK Eiach, therefore, fails te attain the object to he deeM^ rediutegration in the Supreme Self.

707SimbhUti: standing for Asambhtlti, say the Oommentatora^ by aplM» resis and so meaniog Undeveloped Nature. Via fso.- (DestruoHon} that % VERSE 15.] WfflTE 7AJURVEDA, 807

708To blinding darkness go the men who make a cult of Nescience. The devotees of Science enter darkness that is darker still

709Different U the fruit, they say, of Science and of Nescience. Thus from the sages have we heard who have declared this lore to us.

BOOK VIIL

710I m IN])eX t)V TIftSES FROM RIGTXDA A90 ATBARVA-TElk. M5^ '

BOOK XIX.

711U f 65. I 47. 1 I • II.— INDEX OF NAMES, ETC. Abhisheka, AspersioQy Consecration ol ft Kiog, page 79. Absolute, the, Brahma, 265. Achchh^v&ka, layiter, one of ^e priests em V4k, 29 ; the Protec- tress, 81, 154 ; Earth aa the tot Iftyer of the altar, 121 ; Queen of Order, 196; Mother, Sire, and Soa, 227; Agui, 243, ployed in important Aditya, son of Aditi. services, 41, 55, 250. Aditya, the Aditya par Ad&bhya Graha, the In- vincible I^ibation, 67. Adhavantya, a Soma pe- seryoir, 56, 176. Adhipati Graha, a certain Libation, 164. Adhvaryu, a Yajurvedft priest ; one who per- forn^a the practical part of the ceremony, 1, 2, 8, 230, 242, 276 ; identi^es himself with the Supreme Self. 61. Adhvaryi^s of the Qods, the Asvins, 3, 124, ^5, ^ 214, 271, 276. Adi-Furusha, the Qupr reme Spirit, 261. Aditi, Inanity, In^nite esK$Uett4s^ the Sun, or Varun»,60, U4, 120. 160, 231, 248, 272, 301, Adity4, a n^me of the Som« Cow, 30. Adityas, a class of Qods, si«, seven, or eight in number, but occasion^ ally said to be twelve, corresponding to the number of tlie months, 10, 12, 13, 60, 95, 105, 125,133,153,190,198, 209, 2U, 224, 225, 230, 240, 247, 285, 287- Adityi^ Graha, Llbfttion to the Adityas, 60. After-born, the int^r (Salary month, 209. Nature, 82, 95, 130, Age Libations, 165. 164, 208, 224. 225,237, Aghhyft, Inviqjable, oxen 228> 230, 247, 253, 261, employed in the c(m- 269, 272, 286, 297 ( 0tru«tion of the 9\Uff^ Earth, ?. 4, 6, 8, 9, 30, 109. 32 ; Mighty Mother, AgiU, ;?a«m. Jjoaed or. 72 ; Mother of Indra, Guardian of Vows, 2,. 275; of Agni, ^43; of the Gods, 96 ; Vish- nu's Consort, 254 ; the Cosmic Cow, 20 ; sacri- ficial name of the cow, 20, 66, 297; double- b^de<};29; representjjs 14. 29, 35, 42, 1*9; yghtning, 7, 18,96; his brother*, 7, 9 ; Uot%w Priest, n, 63, 92, 102, 119, 160, 171, 97, 202, 243, 267; hi44en by Pa^l2; MeB8enger,ll,55, 1(3, 136, 207 ; gi^erof children, 13, 179,18); Househdder, I/rd)f the Home, 14, 21, B, 81,84,244; guest. )f men, 17,55, 102, l(B, 268, 269; represeits the Sun, 17, 87, ICO, 166; head of heavo, 18, 55, 116, 134, W; Omni8cient,21 ; Mm^f of the herd, 21; gmr- dian, 28 ;son of |Ushs, 34; son of himself, 3t, 190; spaced, 21S; his three bodies, Zi ; mediatoF,196;Fen)OTer of sin, 42, 187; ^S, 55,103, 268; sage, 55, 63,268;suo]aing,68; his mother, Mvcth, 68 ; PuFishya,88,91, 93, 97^106;the Path (tar heaven), 168 ; lepre^ sented by a lump of day, 89-91, 99, 94; bom from forest trees, 90-92;Childoflfeave« »nd ^arth, 93; found in plants, 93; child of Waters, 93; alone inie mortal, 265; the Law, 93, 107 ; the Truth, 93jchildofpli^nte,94; Good prot^tor, 94 ; Smfa^kpt, 2oi 204t Son of Sti^ngth, 97, 103,113,136; Lor4 ofD;BdStqed0,9r,186s Ukhya,of the Fira- pw>,100-l9fi, 107,124, 813 LXDEX OF 9AMES, ETC. 156; an of Heaven, Agniyojana, Equipment See Vi?Te Dcvfth. ;he S«n, sacrificial fire, Agny4dh4na, establish- AU-lights, certain bricliSy ightuing, 102; guar- ment of sacrificial fires, 96,126. lian of Soma, 103- 1,17,290. Altar, 7, 9. 36. 87,88, 169, ^Dlkavan, 234; hia Agmyana Grah^, a Liba- 171,174,281; called uothers Heaven and tion to the AU-Qods, lioness, 86; centre of Enrth, 112; the One 54,123,164. earth,21«,240;8haped [mperial Lord, 113 ; Ahavantya, the eastern Iikeabird,87,100,l49, deotified with the fire and hearth, 1, 2. 9, 239; consecration of, Pire-altar, 117, 119, 19,21,34,41,95,100, 139; taking possession 140, 162, 169; ideuti- 114,149,158,167,177, of, 148; of the uni- Sed with the San, 120, 188, 247, 251, 800. verse, 124. by a goat, 120 ; Fire or mon of drought, 275. panying oonstruotioQ Moon by night, 267 ; Ahibudhnya, Ahi Budh- of, 87 seqq , 97. his flight and capture, nya, a deity of the at- Ambd, AmbdUkiU Ambi- 135; becomes Rudra, mospheric ocean, 41, k&, feminine names, 140 ; sprung fram Pu- 83, 286. 212. rusha, 262 ; called Buf- Ahutis,fireob1ation8,175. Ambikft,the personifica- falo, 159, 160 ; vital Aida, the name of a Si- tion of Autumn, Ru- heat in bodies, 161 ; man, 123. dra's sister, 24. corpee*eater, 290 ; Ag- Aindrilgna Graha, a Liba- Ambrosia, 103. n.-Praj&pati, sacrific- tion to ludra-Agni, 57, Amrit, drink of Gods, ed, 171. Agnis (plural), 164. nectar, 8, 60, 72, 159, 117, 125, 204. AindravflyavaGraha,aLi- 192. tion of the Fire-aliar, Air, 214, 289, 192, 307. the intercalary month, 87, 164, 171, 239. Airs, Vital.See ViUl Airs. 56, 209. kindles the fire, 53, 59. 123, 267, 302, 803. 80, 287. 41, 59, 66, 174, 175, Aja-EkapAd, 41, 286. libation, 164. 242. Ajfid-Chakni, 810. Amulet, magic, 144. fire-shed, 40. Agni, 132. 257. tion of milk, 1, 2, 17, 181. guards of the Celestial 231, 304. All-Embraoer, the Sun, Soma, 31, 40. Aguishtoma, Pralte of 123. Angiras, atule of Agni, Agni,' 49, 158, 164. AHGodi, 40, 47, 57, 61, 17, 36, 101, 113. 281 ; Aguidhvilttas, a class of 67, 95, 107, 155, 166, Agni*s goat so called. ty, 8, 4, 6, 12, 45, 225. 292, 299, 891, 808. 125/1 '^e, 151, 182, 238. iSDEt Of 1I7AMES, srrc. ^19 AngiraM8,cIesoendant«of io exorciama, 78, 289 ; Arrows, tliree presented AugirasjS, 27, 135, 179, aneatoreiaaug ceremony, toa King on bia conae- 271, 282, 298. 77. craiion, 81. 218-223; dedicated to 122, 125. Arya(8), 130, 277. alive into foundationa, tbe name ol % hymn, buaband-finder, 24. 118; cruelty to, regard- 1 55. Aaamarathii, the fanciful ed as sin, 22. AprS hymn% 175, 1 90, 1 97, name of a Uaiu-montb, Annaatuti, Praise of Food 236, 240, 247, 250. 13i. (Soma), 230. Apsarasea, celestial AsambhiaY«,Ui>develup' ficer with fresh butter, 167, 227, 256. AaambhAla^s Avidyft, 26; (jfhia eye with oint- Apaaa, moisture, 124, 131. 310. ment, 26; of axle-pins, Apau-dikahft, coBsecra- Aaandi, Sacrificer'aseat, 37; of the Udiimbara tion by water, 26. 75, 174, 186. post, 40; of the cap of Aptya, Watery, a title of Asapatn&s,FoeIe8s bricks, tbe stake, 44; of vie- Trita, 280. 131. tima, 45, 46. ApT&, Colic or Dysentery Aah&dhA, Invincible, Antaka, the Finiaher, personified, 154. brick, 117. Death, 256, 258. Apy&yana, Sprinkling Asb&dha, mid-June to Antara, Interior, 221 Uie Soma plants, 85. midJnly, 56. bation, 51, 52, 122. ed of two pieces of 128. 92, 100. Araru, tbe name of a Aaikul, naiue of a river, Ant-hill, used in sacrifice, fiend, 7, 8, 282. to, 225. oblations, 163. die, 258. Ants, White, 293. mer, 15; the year, 128. call, 175. 77, 254, 281. name of a month, 134. of a metre, 127. an Apsaras* 134. 83. rifice, 88, 89, 93; of Anupad, 182. Arka, Agni, tbe Sun,168, the Aavina, 89, 230. Anushtup, a metre, 67, 285. Asaembly'a Lord, Agni, 82, 88, 95, 122, 123, Ark^svamedha-santati 266. 1 75, 245. 253 ; Arrow deity, 256 ; 236, 270, 283. 320 Tsm. or sakb, wk, jUnns, fiends wlio op- Al^grftbya Qnt^ Addi- BadaH, Jtqvbefnni^SSL pose the Gods, 7, 15, tioaal or Soperioritj BahiahpvnMBiBa, 41. same various shapss, AtHbfaySolemnreoeptioa Bambbiij, one of tho 15. of SkNoia, 34, 174. g«aidaaftlw cdotial Asvaiiiedh% fione-sacn- Atm^ Om Selt 305-^07. Soma, 81, 49. fice, 164, 205, 230, 281, Aioncmeirt,, 303. BaD7aa.FieiislBdiea,83. 247, 255. Atri, aa aadenfc sa^, oae Baption, 2i. HorM^228. 151,286. 9,10,18. iLmttha,Pwa8Beligioea, jiodgrabhana obUtioas, Barfaishads, a class ot 88,^8. 27, 97. Manes, 179, 189, 220. mid-September to mid- ronymte of KakshMn, Barter, between* vor- Oetober, 56. 29. shipperanda God, 23. the Asvins, 52, )^4. 134, 198. ports or holds the libft- Asviot brick, 124. A7Abh|itha, a pmifica- tioa, tha 4arth or a Asvins^ two ];iight-Gh>d8, tory bath, 22, 63, 64, cup, 51. henOds oi dawn, 3, 6, 164, 176, 187. Bais, 221. 172-177, 1 83186, 190^ 148« 22i Bay Horses, Indra^s, 23; 192195, 204, 224, 227« Ava}4aa formulas, 56. 61, 65, 190, 192, 195, ^36,242,263,^71,278, Avidj^ igaaranea ol the 210,230,270,272, 26X 283, 293« 296, 301; Self, 307, 309. BdelUum, 87. celestial Adhnarjrus, Avimukta,nani«of aboly Beasts, Lord ot See 242, ^71; pbirsvcians, plaaenearBensres,810. PasupatL }74, 236; lorers of Awful, the, Wiutor, 15. Beauty, Goddess 0^263. sweetness, 53 ; Jbhejr Axe, 43, 46. Beer, 16. Whip, 52, $3. Ajas, iron or peAaps Bhadra, mid- August to Atbar7an,ana«eientsags broni», 284. See Inon. mid -September, 56. andjSre-piiest, 69, 91, Ay»v^, d^rk half- Bhaga, a God, 80, 194; 134. months, 129, 180. 227, 269. 273, 284, 287. 257. meaning, 255. Bhftgav»ta-PurAna, 260^ Atharra-veda^ 7, 14, 15, Ayu,Ayus,son of Uiwaflt, 263. 289, 292, 293, 302, 803. 1 40. 135. See also I;idn L BbAratt, a GoildMi cf Atichhandas, redundant BiOAEATANA, reputed Derotios, 191, -ltl( metre, 198, 244, 246; author of Vedinta Phi- 197,200,208,287; M^ hypermetffr brick, 1 37. losophy, 301 242, 244, 247} 201: l-^ IVDBX OV VAMXSf ETC. 821 (plural), Bhft- Bowls, aacrificial, 49, 50, Breathings, 6. See Vital i&,Sara8vat!,244. 55. Airs, etna, 122. Bowls, the, Heaven and Breezes, calves so called,!, the Existent, Earth, 31, 50. Bricks of the Altar, their , 142, 30$^. Bowstring-maker, 256. namef^, 96-139. »7. Bowyer, 256. Bright One, the Sun, 53. 57, 258. Brahma, the Supreme Brihad&r&nyaka Upani- a guard of the Self, the All, the Ab- shad, 809. alSoma, 31. solute. 263^965, 305- Bri])aspati,Lordof Pray- ancient fire- 310 ; prayer, 114, 165, er, 20, 27, 45, 7.5, 85, pper8,5,18, 135, 292 ; sacred lore, liBS, 106, 111,117,133,15:3, 59, 179. 267. 215;theprie8thood,28, 154,171,187, 224, 225, bhuvah, svah, 255. JJ27,231.235,254, 291, Ether, Sky ! , Brahmd, the phenomenal 295, 298, 301 ; repre- ificial exclama- Creator, 171. 1 76, 197, sents priesthood, 72, See Earth, etc. 21 4, 265, 286, 305, 306. 73, 129; his portion, 73. lameof Agni,l22. Brahm^lkrishna, a name Brihat, the name of an Sun, 18, 156, of the Moon, 211, 212. important S&man, 55, ^gui as the Sun, Brahman priest, 11> 32, 82, 100, 122, 131, 133, the sacrificial 40, 41, 84, 159, 205, 165, 198,254; Lord of 211. 211,212,216,228,230; the, Indr^, 55. 243. 125,136,197,213,243, , the, 121. Br4hman(fi), 20, 36, 40, 245;— bricks, 136. uk, representing 59, 78, 105, 111, 186, Buffalo, Agni, 159, 160. e, 9 ; horn of, 235, 253, 255, 259, 262, Buffaloes. 221. 263. Bull, offered to Jndra,185, 3r skin, 4, 6, 14, Brahmava, the e^egetical 301, 202, 204, Agni 8o 5. portion of the Veda, called, 159; the Sun, 17; " jk, Agni, 211, 224. 18,67, 156 ; Soma, 32, Brabjnapichchhamsf ,40, 51,269 , 270; Indra. 57, th, 143. 55. 58,191,240,270; Tvarth- ajurveda, 188, Brahmanaspati, Lord of tar,200;Prajapati, 61; Prayer, 11, 20, 155, an important altar d, Prof. M., 293. 278, 284, 287, 293. brick, 1 1 8 ; a Ring, 83. . 225. Brahmauicide, 3o3. Bulls, the Maruts, 102. 3 ; Incarnation Brahmaudana, boiled rice Burglars, 98. I -u, 294. or porridge distributed Burnouf, Prof. E„ 263. ise of the, 251 ; to priests, 160. Q of military Brahmodyam, an enig- Caldbon, 292-299, 303. 81; right end matical discussion, 2 U, See Gharroa. . and left Varu- 214,215. Calf , whita, representing L; used at the Breath, of Gods, to which the Sun, 157; of Night ya ceremony, the victim's breath and Morning, Indr^ai goes, 47. the San, 240. S22 INDEX OF NAMES, ETC. Calves, driven away from their mothers, 1; of Prisni, Mists, 53, 54. Cameis, 221. Car, to carry Ukhya Agni, 103, 104; for battle, 252. Car-builder, 256. Carpenter, 43, 143, 256. Cart, oontaining the sac- rificial elements, 3, 13, 32. Castes,four.227,232.262. Castles of drought de- mons, 240 ; three, forms of Agni)-35. Cat, 222. Cnttle = rays of light, 281, 232. Centre of Earth, the altar, 216, 240. Chaitra, mid-March to mid- April, 56, 117. Chakravakas, 221, 225. Chauiasas, cups or bowls, 62. Chambers's EnoydopaB- dia, 2^. Chameleon, 223. Chandra, female Moon, the Soma cow, 30. Chandram^s, the Moon, 264, 301. Chapya, a sacrificial ves- sel, 184. Charakas, followers of one of the chief schools of the Black Yajur Veda, 258. Chariot, 72, 83-,— radng, 72; — wheel used in sacrifice, 72. Charm, magical, 33. Charu, a mess of boiled rice, etc., 196, Chaturvixnsa hymn, 128, Cosmic M&ik See Pn^ 129. rusha. Chatushtoma, 129. Cosmological specula* Chatustrimsa hymn, 128. tioos, 151, 152. Ch^.tv4la, a sacrificial pit, Courser, dappled, of the 55, 63, 72, 269, 300. Sun, 10*. Chhandasyft bricks, 122, Cow, given in exchange 1 25, 127, 134. for Soma, 29, 39 ; uni- Child-birth, liturgy of, ped, biped, three-foot- 64; Goddess connected with, 281. Chip(8), from the sacrifi- cial stake, 45, 62; of gold, 189, 157. Circumambulation, as a sign of reverence, 41, 295. Cleanser, name of one. of the side-hearths, 41 ; ed, aght-f(K>ted, 64 ; sacrificial, 64,215; th» altar, 249;Tvasl^r'» guardian,120 ; Cosmic^ Aditi,29, 120; red» to complete the thou- sand, 66 ; of Plenty, 109. 157 ; black, re- preseQtingNigbt,157 ; Sarasvatt, 192, 200. one of the priests (the Cowell, Prof. E.B., 272; Potar), 178. Cowherd, 256w Cleansiug-bath, 188. See Cows, sacrificial namea Avabhritha. Cleansing Goddess, 178. Cloth, given as a fee^ 59. Cloud, homage to, 208. Cock, 222 ; peg so called 5. Couch-blower, 258. Colebrooke, H T., 255, 260, 263, 265. Confession, 22. Consecration, 26. 27, 35, 42,53, 176; of Agni aa King, 162 ;— Ydk, 129. of, 2, 20, 297 ; at the RAjasuya, 83; com- mon names of, 297 ; Night and Morning, 240,245; rays of light, 84, 109, 270; of Gods, 12; swearing by, 48 ; ^ven as fee to priests^ 59; one thousand so given, 66 ; Procession of, 164 ; Heaven and Earth, 242 ; Great , Ones, 6, 26; Wealthy Ones, 45. Consorts of Gods, 96, Creation, questions ro» 221, 233, 234. garding. 150. Constellations, 263. Creator, Praj&pati, 116, Consumption, 111, 112. 124, 129, 150, 151, Copper, 214. 266 ; Agni, 265. Corpse-consumer, fire of Creatures, Lord of, 209* the funeral pile, 5. Cuekoo, 223. Corpus PoeticumBoreale, Cucumber, 24. 15, 29, 262. Curlews, two, 225. lUDSX OF KAMIB, ETC. 32S Currier, 257. Day and Night, 48. 209, Diti, a Goddess, the op- Curae, 35, 47; pronounc- 214, 239, 263, 267. positeof Aditi,82, 164. ed on an enemy, 51. Daybreak, homage to,209. Dog, killed at the Horse- Days and Nights, 96, 1 30. Sacrifice, 205. Dadhikravan, 73, 74,213, bricks, 129. Hall, 197, 200, 202, 284. Demiargus, 265. 236, 240, 241, 245,247, J)4dhikr!, a purifying Desireof Men, Agni,193. 250. verse, 213. Devaloka, the world of Dragon of the Deep, 41, Dadhyach, son of Athar- Qods, 307. 286. van, 91, 296. Devas, Gods, 307 ; the Dronakalasa, a wooden Daksha, a Creative Power, organs of sense, 305. Soma reservoir, 56, one of the Adityas, Devasiis, Quickening 66, 176. 227, 261, 286, 287. Gods, 78. Drop, Soma, 120 ; Indu, Daksh&yanas, decendants Devotion, Goddess of, 30. meaningAgni,168 ; the of Daksha, 286. Dewy Season, Dews, 15, Sun, 114, 115; Earth's Dakshin^, priests' guer- 82, 139, 199. life-sustaining mois- don, 28, 30, 230. Dh&tor, the Ordainer, 62, tare, 7;— oblation, 55. Dakshindgni, southern 164, 225, 295. Drummer, 258. fire and fireplace, 1, DhAyyd, name of an ad- Drum(s), 73, 253, 254. 17, 21, 96. ditional verse, 175. Bdrvk grass, 116; brick^ Dikshinahoma, oblation Dhishan&s, Goddesses of 116, 117. in the southern fire,58. Wealth, 96, 237. Dutt, Mr. R. Ch., 255. Gods, 61, 96, 233. 37, 40, 41. ceremony. 65. Dance, 258. Dhruva Graha, name of Dvftpara, name of a die. Dancer, public, 256. a libation, 65, 164. 258. 170. ficial spoons or ladles, Dvipad, dimeter, two- Darbba grass, 2, 29, 38, 10,11,29. footed metre, 244, 245. cial ladle. used at consecration of 137. Dlsas, aborigines, 277. 283. be Trita's brother, 7. 92. which pervades the mentator, xir. Dawn, 109, 134, 149, body, 51. Dviyajus brick, 117. Dawns, 182, 288, 289, 42, 174, 302. Vishnu, 264. 236, 247. Disy&s, Regional bricks, Dyaus hpit&. Father Day, 299. 126. Heaven, 11. 924 ISDBZ OF VAKBS, BIC. Dyutana, son of the Ha. 262. gious Zeal, 26^ 27, 31, ruts, 40. Encompa88er,the,Varuna 35, 42. the Starry Heaven, 9 ; Ficus Indioa, 83; — Beli- Eaglb, 221, 222; the Vritra, the cloud-de- giosa, 83, 288. Sun, 278 ; — shape, the men, 4. Fig tree, Holy, HO* altar, 87, 100, 239. Etasa, one of the Sun's Filter, 55. Consortof, 11; Mother, 60. Solar, identified witlx 11, 75, 97, 198, 227 ; Ewe, 120. Brahma,307; kindUng Earth and Heaven, the Exorcism, 77. of, 281 ;~*kindling- parenfs, 251. SeeHea- Expiation Ceremonies, priest. 8, 59 ;— drill, ven and Earth. 61, 68. 34, 282 ;--poker or Earth ! , a sacrificial ex- shovel, 5. clamation, 187, 188. Faith, 176, Fire-altar, 97, 121, 289. Earth ! Ether ! Sky ! , Falcon, bringer of Soma, See AHar. a sacrificial formula, 34, 49; shape of the Fire-pan, 94-97, 101, 10% 17, 21, 68, 211. altar, 87. 104, 107. 119, 120 ;— Egg, the Mundane, 261. Fast, 176 ;— food, 28;— making of the, 95 2 Eggeling, Professor J., 32, vow, 189. fumigating, 95 ; bak- 37, 38, 40, 47, 50, 63, Father, the Universal, ing. 96 ; repreaeata 67,80,81,84,85,87,97, Dyaus, Heaven, Sky, Agui as the Sun, 100. 101, 108, 116,124, 129, 11, 74, 118, 179, 184, Fires, 117. 150, 155, 156, 166-168, the Creator, 152. 222, 231, 301. name of a cow in calf, 10, 15, 23, 39, 44, 70, Fish incarnation of Viali* 64. 105, 130, 177, 182, 220, nu, 207. in sacrifice, 35. 290, 298, 299, 307 ; the Fish-vender^ 267. ludra, 35. 179, 181 ; give riches, races, 2B2}tribe8,108} Ekata, Primus, said to be 181; have power over — year cyde, 257. a brother of Trita, 7. seasons, 15 ; bestow Five fold gift, 278; ]Sh9 Ekatrimsa, name of a children, 15; punish 227,228; man, 170, hymn,' 1 28. sin, 1 81 ; their raiment, 227, 228 ; nver, 281. Ekavimsa, a hymn, 123, 15. Flawless hand. See Hand. Elephant, 221;— keeper, mati. 4, 8 256. Fences 9 enclosing sticks, Flies, oblation to, 224. Embryo, development of, 1 2. Floods,8acrificial w«t«ni| symbolised, 81. Fencing-sticks, three, 9. 26. &1)feX OF VAklEd, MOi ForeK)Sering8| 175 ; — re- gior 8, 47. iPorest fire guard, 258. Forest, God, 222, 224 ;— lord, tall tree, sacrifi* Gaara, (^aur, BoeGkiurus, 121,160,221, 222 ;=i Yajfia, saci'ifice, 160. Gav&mayana, a great sa^ crificial Session, 66,67, 163. cial stake, 43, 241,245; Gavaya,Bo8Gavaeu8.121. drum, 73 ; fires in the, Gavi8hthira, A Vedic 258. Rishi, 135. Fortune, 263 ; oblation Gayal, a species of wild to 108. ox, 121,221. FouBdatione, liveauimals G&yatra, oomposed in built into, 118. GAyatrt metre, 88,100, Four castes, 262. 122. fourth Aditya, Indra,60k Gilyatri, one of the chief Freedom, the; i. e. tnost independent, Agui)269. Friend, the, Mitra, 235. Frog, 148, 149. Fruitage, 82. FullMoon sacrifice,! ,3,12. Funeral ceremonies, for- mulas for, 288-290. td Indk*, 248} to PQ- shan, 248; to Vftyu, 237 ; sprung from Praj&pati*s head, 121 ; present at sacrifice, 88, 89, 98 ; represents Agni, 120; represents Ylk, 120; female, 216; used at purchase of Soma, 31, mflk of, 99; goafs hair=slight, 94; used in sacrifice, 94; goat skin, 75; goats and sheep, 22. Vedic metres, 7, 14, Goatherd, 256. 30, 34, 61, 95, 122,125, Goddesses, 96, 234; sa- 183, 197, 211, 213,243, crificial waters, 26. 245, 254, 299 ; connec- Gods, mind-bom, 28; not ted with cattle, 125 ; originally immortal, used at moruing, 30 ; — the, par excellenctt see Sdvitrl. Furrow, personified, 109 ; Genii, 256, drawn on each side of Gharma, a libation of the altar, 109. 121; their number, 54, 267, 285; thirty-three, 187,190,285; wives of the, see Consorts, Dames, heated milk, and the Gold, identified with caldron in which it is light, 29; symbol of Gall -heat, 149. Gami.ler, 256, 258, 259. Gandharva, the, the Sun, heated, 68, 164, 174, 192, 269, 292, 293,297 —301, 303. 71, 88, 152, 166, 167, Ghrita(m), ghl. clarified 255, 265 ; Visvdvasu, butter, 16 ; hymn in 9, 248. praise of, 159—161. Gandharvas, a class of Ghritacbi, the name of celestial beings conuec- an Apsaras, 134. ted with light, 9, 72, Girdle of sacrificer, 27; 112, 144, 227, 256. forthe sacrificial horse, Gargatrir&trl, a three 205. day festival, 66. Giriprasddavarman, R&jd, Gurhapatya, the western xix. fire-place, 1, 2, 14, 18, Girls, speech of, 24. 19, 41,83, 108, 138,174; Gnfts, Divine Dames, 96. formulas for construct- Goat, sacred to Agni, 184, ingtbe, 105,107;atitle 243; offered to the of Agni, 21. Asvins, 200, 202, 204 ; the Sun, 100, 205 ; the Sun, 135; offering with, 29;amulet,236; disc with 21 knobs, 100,101; chips of, 149, 157 ; a thousand chips used at consecration of altar, 139, 157; plate of, 100, 108,114,295; pieces, 31; discs, 84; chain, 205 ; castles 35; nciedles, 213,214; given as fee, 59; put on the King's head and under his foot, 82 ; put in the track of the Soma cart, 87; charm against lightning,! 326 tStEl OF KAttBS, BTC. represents purity and Haib, braided, 145. 265, 269, 270, 272, immortality, 119 ; HalMndraoblations,163. 275, 298, 303 ; build- splinter put in mouth. Half -montiis, 209, 214, ing of, 151 ; separation nostrils, eyes and ear 239. of, 285. of dead victims, 119. Half-years, 235. Hell, 7, 255. Hiranyagarbha. that floats through 296. Golden figure of a man, heaven, 84, 102, 183. Heron, 222. symbol of Praj&pati, Hand,flawle3s, with closed HidO'dresser, 257. See Hiranyagarbha. Hare, 215. 71, 79, 89, 103, 159, Goldenhanded,Savitar, Haris,Indra's Bay Steeds, 172, 230, 238, 255, 302, 6, 31, 283 ;-tongued, 61. 303. the mane of the sacri- tator. Geim, Source of GK>ld- ficial horse,. 249. Hdriyojana Graba. a liba- en Light, the Sun idea Goldsmith, 258. tioutoludra, 61, 164. tified with Praj^pati Gomriga,a wUd bull,211, Harlot, 258, 259. 114, 210, 226,264^ 218. Haata, one of the guards 301, 306, 307. Good works, rewarded, 31. latiou with Gold, 29. 169. Haug, Prof. M., 31, 123, Homer, 252. Gotama,SkgreatRishi,286. 267, 302, 303. Homicide, 255. Anumati. where the sacrificial 195 ; — lovers, the As- Graha, a cup of Soma, elements are kept, 32, vins, 53. 164, 176, 187. 37, 66, 68, 242. Horn of black-buck. Sm Grahagrahana, drawing Havis, sacrificiul food,13, Black-buck, of cups of Soma, 51. 34. Horns of Agui, 160. covering, 13, 202, 241, parer, 4, 5. 251 ; present at sacri- 242, 245, 247. Hawk, 173. See Falcon. fice, 88—90. 113; giv«i Grass-bunch, 12. See Heaven, personified, 12, as a fee, 59 ; sprang Prastara. 102 ; feminine, 271 J from the sea of air, Grassmann, Prof.H.,102, home of the pu>u8,212; as the Sun, 90, 212; 156, 180, 263. stages of, 157; a sacri- sacrificial, 2O5-*207, Gr&vastut, an assistant ficial exclamation,308; 211 seqq.; identified priest, 280. Father, 1 1. See Father with the Sun, 212,248; Guerdon, priest's fee, 29, Heaven. eulogy of the, 228,229. 30, 59, 176. Heavens and Earth, 11, Horses, of the Y&japeya Guest, the,Agni, 17,102, 27, 35. 50, 61, 74, 81, chariot, 72. Guggulu, bdellium, 37. 151, 224, 225, 263, See Asvamedba. 1OT)EX OF KaUBS, «TC. Hotar, sacrificing 'or in- voking priest. 11, 92, 190, 199—202, 216, 530,240; divine, Agni, 199,217,240; Hotar'a hearth, 40; his cup, 49. Hotara, seven, 280 ; two eelestial, 191, 193,197, 200, 203, 204, 236, 240, 242, 244, 245,2J7, 251. House, addressed by the householder on leaving and peturning, 21, 22. House- priest, of the Qods, 187. SeePurohita. Humau Sacrifice, 255. See Purushamedha. Hundred, autumns, 227, 236,289, 292 ; winters 14, 19; years, 178 ; Powers, Lord ofjindra, 23, 200, 281, 232, 279; Vanaapati, 241, 244; Hundred Rudras, 201. Hundred-headed, Agni as Rudra, 157. Husband-finder, Rndra, 24 ; usually Aryaman, 24. Hyena, 223. Hypermeter brick, 137. Ice, 226. Khneumon, 221. Idk, Nourishment per- sonified, a Goddess of Sacrifice, 30, 109, 191, 193, 197, 200, 203, 237, 241, 242, 244, 247, 250, 281 ; symbo- lical name of the sacri- ficial cow, 20, 30, 6Q, 297 ; SOB of, Agui,281. Iddvatsara, name of a year of the five year cycle, 239, 267. Idvatsara, another year of the same, 239, 257. Iguaita, 222. Illusion, phenomenal na* ture, 216. Immolator, 191, 200 ; Vanaspati, 241, 244; Agni, 237. Immortal, originally only Agni. and the other Gods through hi ID, 265. Immortality, 307. Indra, 2, «, 10, 11, 18, 133, 171, 176—177, 183,189, 191,192,195, 197—204, 215, 224, 226 ; his mother, 275; King of Gods, 78 ; the Sun, 270, 272 ; God of Battles, 36, 152—154; Good Deliverer, 85. 172, 173, 184, 190,192, 194, 195, 201, 202, 204 ; slayer of Vritra, 4,58,81,170,190,195. 270 ; Lord of Speech 67 ; Visvakarman, 67; Marutviin, 67, 58 ; sprung from the union of Yajfta and Dakshi- nl (Sacrifice and Guer- don), 28 ; his re-crea- tion, 184, 185; = the Sacrificer, 31 ; repre- sents the Rdjanyas, ludra-Agni, Indr-Agni, 12, 18, 55, 107, 117, 198, 205, 225, 254 ;— Brihaspati, 55, 225 ; — Varuna. 52, 55 ;— Va- yu, 52 ;— Vishnu, 65. Indra.grains, 175, 184, 199. IndrilpI, Indra's Consort, 225, 297. Indu,Soma, 61, 180,185, 191, 276; his Consorts the waters, 61. Indus, 69, 27,2, 281,282, 300. Infinite Nature, Aditi, 227. Intellect, the Moon, 123. Intelligence, divine, 28. Invincible brick,the first laid, 96. Inviting- prayers, 175 190, 196, 206, 207, 226. Iron,' 25, 108,214, 234 249 ; castle, 35 ts, the Lord, the Su- preme Self, 304. Isaiah, 227, 286. tsdnai a title of Rudra * 221,302. t^^ Upanishad ; l^Avdsy- ara ; taopanisbad, B*)ok XL of the White Ya- jurve.la, 308. Ish, the name of an au- tumn month, 56. Isha, the same, 127^ 209. Jackal, 222. Jagatt, one of the three chief Vedic metres, 197,211,213,244,245, 254;— bricks, 135, Jamadagni,a greatRishi, 25, 123, 286. Jdtavedas, Knower of Beings, Agni, 17, 89, 102, 106, 113, 118, 328 tNi>E£ Oi* KAiifES» ETC. 290. titleof Rudraj 141. 258. Jeotet, 258. or francolin, 220, 223, tering, 46, Jesus, Logia of, 260. 224. Eratn, one of the Seven jeweller, 256. Eardlf, a tongue or flatne Rishis, 151. Jones, Sir W., 21, 308. Karma, religious work, saraa, 138. ficial spoons, 10-13, 29. KArsh marya tree, 115. Agni of the funeral pile, Jujube, a tiiBe and its KArtika, mid'October to 290. fruit, 85, 173, 175, mid-November, &,56. Krimukawood, 97. 184, 185, 199. Kasl, 310. Krisdnu, a «uard of €be .Tumbaka, a Vedic name Kasyapa, an ancient Ri- celestial Soma, 31,41. of Varuna, 226. shi, 25, 254, 286. Krishna Yajurveda, xvn. Jyiushtha^ May 15 to KAtySyann, xix* 258. and the ofifedngs made bility, 73, Sf55. 186, 207, 210, 214, these oblations, 181. 172. Kakshivdn, a Rishi, 20. 131. the same rank, 255^ Kakup, a Vedic metre, Khadira. the tre* Acacia 258. 213, 244, 246. KiUla, a sweet beverage, Rasor, the San, the Kali, the name of a ton- 16, 22, 193, 256. fanciful name of a ii\i& or flame of Agni, Kimpurusha, monkey, metre, 181. 158. 120. Kubh^, the na&ie of » Kalpa, ceremonial, 160 ; Kindler, 53. river, 300. a day of Brahm^, Kindiing-stick(s)9-11.17, Kurus, a northeni people 432000,000 years, 265. 63, 64, 99. 240, 262;— 78. 223. 255. Eing, 75, 187 ; Soma,75, crificial {MArpoaes, 2, Kampila,aplace inNorth 177 ; Varuna, 63 ; In- 26, 34,43, 45, 10»,114» India, 212. anguration of a, 77; ,149,160. J^ishi, 157. 81, 84. known meaaing, a2& E4nva, the name of a Eingdom-supporting Li- recension of the White bations, 1 66. Ladibs, oelestiftl^ ddtiea Yajurveda Samhitft, Eingship, 82. of aaored m«tceib 9«L t5I)SX OF KAMBB, fitC. $29 Indies, iRacrificial, lO. Long life, prayer for. See Mab&virft, the chief sac« L^ja, parched grain,l?2. Hundred winters. rificial caldroii, 292 — Lakshmi, Fortune, 263. Lotus, 1 5, 9 1 , 1 1 4 ; ±= sky, 299,30 1 . See Gharma. Law, the order of the 114::^8ky, 134. 58,220,232. universe, 20, 52, 74, Ludwig, Prof. A., 81, Mahendra Grahft^ 58. sacrifice, 10, 20, 41, 84, ' 159, 180, 230, 239, Commentator on the 92, 118, 182, 183, 197, 260, 263, 282, 2S6. W. Yajurveda, pagnm. Law^maintainerfs), Mi- ri^ms, 72, 164. 209. 217. tra and Varu^ita, 81; Lusttrous. Libations, 167. Maina,abird likea star' Varura, 84. Lute-player, 258. ling, 221, 222. Lead, U8«fd as a charm, Maindla, a netter of fish, 188 ; used, symboliz- M^, fanciful name of a 257. ing the head of Na- metre, 127. Maitr/lvaruya, the Ho' muchi, at the Couse- Macdonell, Prof.A.,7,15, tar's first assistant, 49, cration of a King, 82 ; 41, 184, 233, 280,286. 55, 80, 280. needle?! of, 213, 214. M^dhava, name of a Maitr&Varuna Graha^ Leper, 258. Springmonth, 56, 117, 164. Life, Datur<-il duration of 209. Makha, a mythical being, htiman. 227. Mudhu, honey, sweetness, 95. 293, 295. Line, to keep off fiends, 56, 117, 209. siding, 261. Mack-buck's horn, 28. of Soma. 296. intercalary m(»ith,209. 36 : on three sides of Midday Soma Pressing, Purusha. altar, 7 ; rouud the 57. M&ria, a Rishi, 285. lump of clay represent- Mf\dhyandina, xviii, Manas, mind, 138. 305. ing Agni, 90 ; furrows Magadha, South £ih&r, Mand&rya, a Vedic bard, ploughed on each side 255. 285. uf tiie altar, 109. M^gadha, a professional Manes, Spirits of deceas- Lion, 125, 173. 135; hair bard, 255, 259. ed ancstors, 15, 231, of, mixed with Sura, Mclglia, mid.January to 288, 307, 308. Altar, 36. Bounty, Indra, 192. j&pati or Dyaus, 102. 126, 133. Rudra, 302. Manning, Mrs., xviii. lug bricks, 107, 139. V. verses, 213. mixed with meal, 54, Long-haired man, eu- Mah^vaisvadeva Graha, 56, 123 ; the moon, Duch, 81. 61,' 164. 63, 56, 69; Graha, 164. 330 ua)EX OF NAMES, ETC. Matiti-a, 160, Mats, representing, Hea- Milton, 35, 316. Man, 97, 295. 108. 307; of Gods, 47; Pr*'- Mare (bearer) of earth, MJltari8van,Vftyu, Wind, j&pati, 181. 295. Air, 2, 92, 305 ; Minstrel, 259. 12, 230. mid-air, 2. Mithra, 9. bar to Mid-December, tion, 223. tified with the Sun,

712Matron, 13. See Sacria. 9, 29, 78, 94, 225, 228. Marlchi, one of tlw Seven cer's Wife. 235. 242.253,268.269, Rishis 151, 158. Matron's Hall, 32, 174. 276 287. 291. 300— Marjaltya, a place where Matrons, celestial, Con- 802; Gkxl of Day,272; sacrificial vessels are sorts of Varnna, 104 ; Rita, Right, Truth, 52. cleansed, 41. deities of the stars, 96. Mitnl-Varuna, a dual Marka, the name of a M&yd, phenomenal Na- deity 9, 52, 55, 196. fiend, 54. ture, 216 197. 225, 254. 267; Haruta Uktha, a litany Mayu, M:\yu, perhaps a predecessors, aa Kings, to the Maruts, 133. moukey. 222. of Indni, 79, 81 ; Law- Maruttj, Storm-Gods, 12, Medha. a Rishi, 278. maincainers. 81 ; Sot- 13, 22, 57, 64, 83, 102, Mediator, Agni, 196. ran Lords, 82; Rain 107, 148, 153, 154, 166 Menaka, an Ap.Haras,134. Gods, 12, 196. 209, 214, 220,225,227 gives boons in return DAsa. 808. 255, 268, 270, 271,273 Rudi-a, 142. used in saciifice, 89, 276, 279-281, 285, Metheglin. 16. 120, 121. or nine troops of, 7, Metres, 30, 48, 127 ; su- Waters, 125. offered to, 158 ; their tributed to, 14 ; class- Monotheism, 285. names or titles, 158, ed by syllables, 76, 77; Month, the intercalaiy, 159, 302; clans, 159; fanciful names of, 127; 209,239. calle<i, 189, 295. Micturitiou, formula for, 238; technical nauraa Marutvdn, a title of In- 28. of, 56, 74, 209; fanciful dj», 57, 58. Mid-day Soma Pressing, nhmes of, 165; mani- Marutvatiya Graha, 57, 57. festationsof Agni, 165. 133. cattle, 52. 216, 230, 801 ; Soma, M&sara, a peculiar decoc- Milch-kioe. See Cows. 282; spots in the, 8; tion, 172, 174, 183, Milk = wealth, 120. Sacrifice at New ^A 187, 193, 199—201. Milker at sacrifice, may Fnll, 1-13; waxing and Mat of the Sndas or be any one above the waning ^VaruijA iod PriesU' Shed, 40. rank of a Sudra, 2. Mitrft. INDEX OF HaMES, etc. S31 Morning Soma Preaamg, Nagnahu, a root used as Nigada, loud recitation, 49, 65. yeast, 174, 193, 199. 289. 245. See 'Night and bricks, 132, 133. 299. Dawn, Night and Name Libations, 165, Nightand Dawn orMom- Moming. Nam uchi. a certain Asu- ing. 100,157, 191, 193, Mortar, of wood, for ra, 86, 177. 182, 193. 240,244,251,273. pounding grain, 4, 66 ; 194; his head repre- Nigrdbhyft, water for mortar8,mortar-shaped sented by a piece of sprinkling Soma plants^ cups, 177. lead, 82. 49, 50, 67 Mother, the Earth, 11, Naraka, hell, 7. Nilagriva, Blue-necked, 74, 75, 84, 97. 179; Narandisha, of uncertain Rudra. 143. each of the quarters of meaning, 69. Nirriti,earth in her low- the sky, 60. Narasamsa. the Prnise or est depth, 77, 108; the Mothers, the Waters, 26, Desire of Men, Agni, Goddess of Destruction,, «1; Plants, 110. 69, 181, 190, 193, 199, 107, 108, 224. 225, 256; Motive, to sacriace, 27. 203, 236, 240, 242, 250, formulas for averting, Mountain-haunter, Ru- NArAsamsa, (cups), be- 107, 108; bricks devot- dra, 140, 141. longing to the Fathers, ed to her. 107, 108. Mtijavdns.apeopleinthe Fathers, 69. gines, 143, 227, 232, northern hills, 24. NAsatyas, the Asvins, 256—258. krit Texts), 24, 120, 285. Uktha, 133. 177, 252, 255, 260— Navadasa, nineteen-fold, 175, 269, 270. 262, 288, 292, 293. a hymn, 128. Nobility, the Rajanyas Mukti, Liberation, Final Navagvas, members of a or Kshatriyas, men of Beatitude, 304. mythological priestly the princely and mili- Muller, Prof. F. Max, 23, family, 179. tary class. 5, 54, 73, 34, 53, 92, 137, 157, Navel, the centre of 129,130,166,167,298, 181,226,233,255.262. Earth, the High Altar, 299; represented by 265, 270, 282, 285, 290, 301. Indra, 130. 305,307—310. Nectar, 103, 172. Numbers, homage to the Mundane Egg, the, 261. Needle. 38, 40, 213, 214. Genii of, 209. Mufija grass, 27, 97, 100. the Self, 307. 211, 212. Musician, 258. Neahtar, the priest who Nychthemera, 96. leads forward the sac* Nabhas, mist, vapour, a rificer's wife, 40, 61, Ocean, 49, 222, 286; = name of Agni, 36; 233,234. golden disc. 116. name of a mouth, 56, New Moon sacrifice, 1,12. OflPering-prayer, 196.206, 126,209. Nibhayapa, a title of 226. Nabhasya, misty, a Vishnu, 207, 208. Ointment-maker, 257. mouth, 56, 126, 269. Nidhanavat Sdmau, 123. Old Northmen, their be- 382 fgtttt OF l^AttESj IW. lief as lregard« their Pa&cb&lAs, a people in Fasupati, Lorddf 8eaato| patriarchs, 15. northern India, 78. 21 2. Rudra, 89, 148, 144, Oldeuberg, Prof. H. t% Paftchavimsa, the name 802. 96,255,268,303. of a hymn, 128, 129. Path, the, Agni, 168} OM,the sacred mystic tyl^ P&nlni, the great gram- sacrifice, 41. lable, 11) 175, 307,308. marian, 305. Path, to Gods or fathers, Omentum, 46. Papis, demons of dark- 179. Prajftpati, 169. Pankti, a Vedio metre, 13, 68. Omniscient, the, Agni, 21, 218, 244, 245. 254. 92. 152, 286. Self, 231, 307. Wife. 55,240,265,268; Queen Lord, 68, 125, 139. 176. of, Aditi, 196; childof, ParamesVara, Supreme, PatntsftlA, the Hatron*s PrajApati or Vak, 265; Ruler or Lord, 13, 151. Hall, 32. 250, 266. and Earth, 251; Speech P&tntvata Graha, 61,164. tions, 175. Paridbis, sticks placed NishAda aud a Kaha- Other Folk, Spirits of round the saorificialfire, triyd, 258. darkness, 222. 9. See Enclosingsticks. Pavam&na, he who flows, Otter, 223. Partsftsa, sacrificial tongs, blows, or glows dear Overlord, Mind, 132,183. 297. to purify. Soma or Owls, 221. Parisrut, foaming liquor, V&yu, 41, 47, 178, 179, Oxen, draw the Soma a sort of beer, 16, 174, 207 ; Agni, 232. cart, 13, 32; for the 188,185. Pavhni, the prince of tht plough, 108, 109; Parivatsara,ayearof the Uusamas, 277. twinkling stars, 44. five-year cycle. 289,257 Pavitram, a strainer, 8. Parivrit, an enclosed shed, Peacock, 221, 223. Pada, a verse-division, 294, Peasantry, 129. quarterofa8tanea,175. Parjauya, the God of the Pebbles, 94. a metre, 131, 137. 152, 168, 169. 208,291. stones are beaten, 5 ; Pak.1ni,Romedisease,109, Parna, the Pallsa tree, for stretching clotbi Pal&sa tree, Butea Fron- 1, 94, 110, 288. 37 ; for stitehmg dosa, ], 2, 5, 9, 43, 81, Parrot, 222. or hurdles, 38. 288. Parvata, the Genius of terity, 255. crested bricks, 133. Passion, personified, 2C0, Pestle, called woodea Pafichadasa, the name of 203, 222, 802 ; name stone as representing a bymn, 100, 122, 128. of the Dewy Season, a press-stone, 4;- 129, 133. 198, 254. 15. mortar, 118. iHDix or nauEs, sre. S3a* Peterson, Prof. P., 260, Potav, Geansing Prieet, Prdna, Breath, the Oeoina 263. 40, 178. of Breath, 51, 65, 164, Phalguna. Mid-February Potsherd, on which ob- 262. to mid* March, 56. lations are cooked and PrAnahhritas, Breath- Physician* 109, 110 ; ofifered, 5. supporting brick8,.122, Rudra, 149 ; Vamna, Potters. 143. 125, 127. 199, 200 ; Tvashtar, of verses, 175. Oh, 175. 241. Praise of Men, a title of PrdnAyana, 122. the two celestial Ho- thirty three fold, etq,, water, 14. tars, ' 193, 197, 240 ; 81, 82. Prastara, a tied-upgrasa- Lord of, Varuna, 201. Prajdpati, Lord of Crea-. bunch put on the Bar- Pigeons, 22. tures, 3, 14, 31, 56, 62. his. 9, 10, 169, 302. to Ancestral Maue8,l 5. 123, 125, 129, 150, prayer, 168. 212. 207, 210, 211. 214, of a metre, 127. i05, 256, 286, 288. 354, 259, 263, 264,263 PratiprasthAna Oraha, Pit, from which earth is 276, 238, 300, 301 ; 164. dug to make the Altar, Father of Gods, 87; Pratiprasthatar, an asais- 41, 55 ; purification at identified with Agni, tant priest, 37, 38, 54, the, 47. 87, 239 ; Lord of 60, 155. 177. the Fathers, 307. Mind, 51, 167; Genius Pravahlika, enigmaticall Pitriyajiia, Sacrifice to of the Year, 74, 165, verse, 178. the Fathers, 288. 239 ; L>rA of Speech, Pravargya, a ceremony Pitudiru,Pinud Deodara, 71, 88, 167, 255; Crea- introductory to the 37. tor, U6, 130; deliverer Soma sacrifice, 6, 160, PlaueU. five, 230. from death and evil, 164, 291, 293, 301, Plants, 93, 94, 117,124, 129; his dissolution, 303 ;-=.rman, 302. 292, 300; seeds of, 125; Agni, the Fire- Pravrit, 132- sown round the altar, altar. 150, 239 ; the Prayaja, fore-oflfering, 109 ; eulogy of, 109— Sacrificial Rorse, 211. 175, 190,244- 112; Lord of. 111. Prajapatii, Creative Pow- Prayanlya, an introduc- Plenty, Cow of, 109. ers, Years 306; Lords tqry libation, 174- Pole-dancer, aorobat,258. of created beings, 286. Prayer, for divi»e guid- Porcupitie, 216, 222. Prakriti.Natiire, 806,307. ance to rigbteousness, Porous brick, U3, 126, Pramd, the fanciful nawe 81; for children, 93, 139,149. of a metre, 127. 179; for wealth, 95; Porpoise, 220. Pramlochanti, the name to Indra for victory in Post- offerings, 175. of ap Apsc'^ras, \U. battle, 152— 154^ pf ft 334 I5DEX OF NAMES, ETC. king for blessings on Piiru, PQrus, one of the Racing, 110. his kingdom, 208 ; for five Aryan tribts, 104. Ragozin, Madame Z^n- freedom from sin, 187; Pururavas, 84. aide, 255, 274, 290. ^ good sons obtained by, Purusha, Embodied Man, Rains, Rain-time. 5, 15* 60, 179. Cosmic Man, 164, 171, 22, 82, 128, 126, 198, Press-boards, 89. 215,217,255,260—264; 227. presented by Brihas- Punishamedha, Human Rdjasuya, Inauguration pati, 72, Sacrifice, xix, 255, 260, of a King, 71. 77, 79. Priests, designations of 264. Rdkshasas, a oUtsa of eight,228; — and nobles, Purvachitti, an Apsaras, fiends, 14, 88, 89, 81, 266. 184. 114,184,186,801,288. ofSamans,75,124,l3l. 6,7,68,81, 155, 166, 184,199,201,202,204. period of aix sacrificial 228, 248, 258, 254,278, 289. days, 65. 284, 285,291, 297,299, Ra34, the distant river, Prisai, Speckled Cow, 801; guards roads and 226. Maruts, 53, 54, 227, Pushya, mid-December oblations, 166. ruts, 227; calves of, Patabhrit, a Soma Rat, Rudra's victim, 24; masses of mist, 53, 54. trough, 56, 164, 176. sacrificed to Ground, Prithivt, Broad One, PGtikds, plants used as 221. 166,231. 294. name of a Spring Pulaha, a Rishi, 151. month, 188. name of an Apsaras, 101,124,126,208,221, 122.131,182,165,198, 133. 225, 247. 262, 265, 254. fiftwlers, 143. Queen, Chief, 211, 282 ; of a Rain month, 134. Purlshya, epithet of Agni, 124 ; the Eastern month, 134. 106. Question-Solver, 256. tion, 84. priest, 20, 82, 99, 104, name of a Summer 232 ; foremost agent, Races, Both, Gods and, month, 184. 263. meu, 60 ; five, 232. Rauhii^a, oblation of a niDEX OF NAHES, ETC 335 special rice cake, 296, 239, 241, 24S, 257, Budra, female Rudra» 302. 258, 260, 265» 274, the Soma cow, 30. Reed-mat. of the Soma also Index I. Bright Ones, the As- cart shed, 39. Rik,Bieh, verse of praise, Tips,! 95; the hundred Begional bricks, 126. 26, 27, 88, 128, 291. forms and powers of Regions of the sky, 133, Riksama, a certain kind Rudra, 140, 142, 146^ 164, 197, 200, 213 , * of S4man, 128. 147. 201; a class of U consorts of Gods. 213 ; Rikshtk4s, a class of evil or 33 deities, 10, 12» five, 6, 47, 70, 76, 82; ' spirits, 256. 77, 95, 105^ 124, 125* 84, 155, 208; seven, Rishis, ancient, 261; 133,193,209, 21 1,225» 166 ; ten, 131 ; War- * Seven, 130, 151 ; crea- 240,242, 247, 273,286w dersof the, 207. See tive, 276; pri68ts,138; Ru8ama(s), 277. Quarters of the sky. Vital Airs, 132, 169.

713Ritavya bricks, 117, 124, 12, 28, 81, 50, 52, 68, Retahsich bricks, 117. ' 126, 129, 139. 71, 79, 81, 84, 87, 91, Revatis, certain R. V. Ritu, Season. deified,233, 109,113,114,120,125, verses. 199, 213. * 301. 140,168,171,188,236^ Reward of pious actions, Ritu Graha, 56- 254. 291, 803. 138. Ritas, Seasons, 234. Sacred grass, 9, 8.5, 138. Rhinoceros, 223. Rivers. Lord of. Ocean, 149, 241, 250. See Ribhukshan, a title of 222 ; Seven. See Seven Barhis. Indra, 228. Rivers. Sacrifice, embodied, 28, Ribhus, three deified Robbers, 98, 258. 63, 167 ; the underly- artificers, Seasonal Roer, Dr., SOS. ing principle of, 23 ; Gods, 129, 198, 228, Rope with fangs sSer- soaring to heaven, 167; 257. pent, 46. regarded as a ship, 1 96 ; Rice, 3— 6, 14,— cake, 3, Rope- mnker, 256. Four-monthly, 22; 12, 14, 24, 77, 184, Roth, Prof. von,154,270, New and Full Moon, Richas, strophes from 286. 1 — 15; Lord of the, the Rigveda, XVIII, Royalty, 125. the Sacrificer, 2, 4. 261. 280. Rudra. the Tempest-God, Sacrificer, 2; called In- Rigveda. XVII, 1, 3, 4, 24, 83, 140, 224, 284, dra, 31; becomesAg- 7,9,12,14,15,18,22. 299, 302; in gentle ni, 11, 14, 42.170; 24. 28,29,34,40. 41,47 mood, 24, 84, 140, 145, identified with Agni, 49,52,53.57,64, 68, 146; husband-finder, Rudra, Brihaspati, 69, 76, 81, 91, 92, 95, 24; Lord of Cattle, 30, Yama, 59. 194, 199, 209, 212,213, him, 24. sents Aditi, 8, 13; her 338 IKBEZ OV NAHB8, SfC. prayer for a son, 15; Ssunidh, brand or kind- €k>dde8s, 13, 27, 95,S5, anoinU the axle-pins ling-stick, 9. 86,119,166, 173--174 of the Soma cart, 37. Samidhent, kindling- 176, 177, 183— IS6, Sacrificial Session, 66, 68. verse, 175. 190—195,197, 199— Sadas, a shed for the of- Samishtayajus, final text 204, 208. 218, 224,225, ficiattng priests, 37, 39. and oulation, 62, 64, 227,237,241,242,244^ 40, 41, 59, 69, 81, 242. 169, 176. 247, 251, 254, 29T; her Sadasaspati, Lord of the Simitra, slaughtering* fountains, Mind and Sadas or Assembly, place, 46. Speech, 119; name of Agni. 266. SAmkhya, 304. the sacrificial cow, 66, 6ddhyas,a class of ancient Sampad, 132. 297; Consort oi the Gk>ds, 221, 248, 257, Samrdj, the name of a Asvins, 185. 261,262,302. brick, 133; universal Saravyft, the Arrow-God- Sahajany&, an Apsaras. ruler, 801. dess, 223. name of a month, 56, personified, 273. 302. 129, 209. Samsiirpa, a name of the Sarvamedha, Universal Bahasya, Strong, the intercalary month,209. Sacrifice, 264, 280. name of a month, 56, Sanu^ip, Creeping Obla- Siirvas, Rudras, 146. 129, 209. tion, 85. Sarydta, ^.Irydta, S iry&ti. S^ra, the Mighty, Jodra, 176. Sashpa, husked rice, 172, 192. Samvatsaia, a year of the Sastra, recitation, prau»e> Sikti, Primeval Power, five-yearcyole,239,257. hymn, 175. 310. Samyu, the name of an Slstras, 304. 123, 133, 154. Sai.ida, the name of an 176. S^kvarls, hrtptasyllabia Asura, 53. Satakratu. Lord of Hun- metres, 198, 213. Sankara. Sri, 305, 306, dred Powers, Indra, eaiftdvarya, Sacrificial 308-310. 23, 279. See Hundred Hall Door fire, 68. Sankarduanda, 310. Powers. tree, 211,212. 304. 286. psalm. 26, 27, 75, 187, 128, 133, 193, 264. xi5, xx, 12, 29, 52, 261, 280, 291. Sarabha. a mythical ani- 72, 157, 192. 286. 293. S^inaveda, xvii., 55, mal, 121. Satarudriya, a litany to 170, 213, 239. SaraniA, 274. the hundred forms of Sambara, the name of a Saranyu. dAughter of Rudra, 140, 147. 148. fiend, 275. TvashUr, 238. Satobribat?, a Vedlo m^ Sambljava, 306. Sara», Indian Craue 222. tre, 125, 136. 307. Saras vatl, the river. 79, sion, 66, 68. utmx ot itAMHa, stCL 100, 155, 166, 178,183, 184, 186, 187, 194,108| 201, 202, 204, 206, 207» 212, 236, 254,255 269, 271, 273. 275,277, 282, 283, 288, 293,295, 297, 298; protector, 11 ; purifier, 96 ; pun- isher of the wicked. 7; giver of immortality to Gods, 274; Courser, 76,88;Gandhanra,88. Sin, expUtion of, 22, 2$, 63; oonfessiou of, 22; washed away by bap- tism, 26; prayer for remoyal of, 42, 58, 64, 108, 187, 230, 285; against Gods, 68, 64. against Fathers, 62; against one's self, 62 ; against men, 22, 64, 187; against wild ani- mals, 22, 187; bonds of, 101, 108 ; punish- ment of, 63. ^iyarAjan, Htuat name 285, 304, 307 ; the is- Sieve, 171 ofanattendantatsacri- dividual, 205, 304, 305. Silver, 85, 213, 2l4; fioe, 186. Self-eidstent, the Sun, caaile of, 85 ; plat% Bautr&maol, 65, 172, 174^ 14;— Buler«Yama,181. 295; disc, as a charm 176, 178, 186, 196, 281^ Senajit, a Winter month, against death, 186. 240; its connexion 134. with Soma sacrifice. Serpent (s), 46, 63, 74, 174—176. dl, 134, 225 ; power- Saviinsa, a hymn, 1 28. f ul superhuman beings, Bavitar, the SunGod as 114, 115, 227, 256. the great vivifier and Session, SacrificiaL See stimulator, 1 — 3, 6, 10 Sattra. 18, 21, 27, 31, 37, 44, Seven, Waters, 287; Bo- «0— 62, 72, 85,87, tars, 216; metres, 160; Sun-beams, 160 ; chief priests, 48 ; commu- nities, 231 ; domestic animals, 76; ]^ishiB, 87, 153, 286; organs of perception, 231, 237 ; Sindhu, Indus or river, vital atrs, 287 ; ton- 69, 272, 283. gues of Agni, 158; Sinlv&li, a Lunar Goddess^ river8,282, 300; priests 94, 281. of Agni, 158; mansions Sipivish^, a name of of Agni, 158; logs of Vishnu, 69, 207,208; fuel, 158. of Rudra, 143. 164,269. number, 73; chariots, 9i^^&9tha,White-throat- 8&vitrt, the most holy 73; drums, 73. ed, or Black-throated, text, the G&yatri par Sevenieenfoldhymn,254. Rudra, 143. excellenco, 2\, 206. See Saptadasa. l^iva, a later form, of Savrit. 132. Shattrimsa, ahymn,l28. Rudra, 24. . Scbennan,Dr. J.,297,298. mony, 25, 26. 280. Science, knowledge of Sheep, 184, 199. Sky, 214, 292, 301. the Gods, 307. Ship = sacrifice, 196. Slaughterer. See Immo- Sea, the Sun, 166. Ships sstTBams of water, laton Season, deified, 233^ 301 ; 83. Sleepless Gods, Inbreatt, groups, 209,— lords, Shodast, sixteen-hymned and Outbreath, 287. 130. libation, 65 ; a title of Sling tor carrying Ukhy« Seasons, 130, 148, 233, Indra, 66, 282; of Pra- Agni, 100, 101, 107. 239 ; five, 100 ; six, j4pati, 264. Snake. See Serpent. 15, 76 ; personified. Sickle, 108. Snipe, 182. 3S8 tKDKi oy vktas, wtc. Gandharvas, 111. 298; called woman, Heaven, 216 ; the Pra* Sobhya, a title of Rudra, 68, 298. vargya Caldroa, SOO. 111. Speckled Cow, the Borth, Stars, 21 1, 220, aM^l. 202, 208, 225, 227, 218, the Manits, 12. 60. of plants, 1 1 1 ; of trees. Speech, Gk)ddes8of ,Sara8» 182. mans, 78. BrihaspatiorPrajftpati, ftiucifal meamngs of Soma, the plant, grows 26, 78 ; PrajApati, 71, names of, 128; bridn on mountains, 32; used 88, 256; Prftna the representing, 128. to curdle milk, 2 ; fit Genius of Breath, 51 ; Strainer («), 2, 1, 80, 86; parts picked out^ 80 ; Indra, 67. the whidi I, S, 90; purchase of, 29—31, Sphya, a sword'fike sacri- the loitl of the, the 171; watering, 172; ficial instrument, 7, 36, ceiiseorated household* pressing, 35 — 89; taken 85. er, 27. from the cart, 18 ; Spirit, Lord of, said tu be Strength, 166; eon o( measured out, 50 ; Gk>d the Moon or Parauies* Agnt, 97, 103^ ]1S» connected with the vara, 13. 135—137, 238. 19, 179 ; identified with See Ladles. lations, 166. the Sun; Lord of the SpottedBull, the Sun, 17. Strophe, xviii, 17ft. world, 32; Lord of Spring, 15, 22, 81, 117, SubfaadrA, a woUMtt'i Consecration, 35 ; im- 122, 133, 198. name, 212. mortal,50;Brihaspati*s Sprinkling with holy Success LibattoD, 16S, ' son, 61; the Soma-pur- water, I, 9, 36, 15, 16, ^ucbi, mid-Jtfoe to «id> chasing cow, 29, 30, 68; 72, 82. July, 56, 121, 209. various Gods and sac- Spritas, Deliverers, oer- 205,231,255,259^261 red objects, 68, 69 ; tain bricks, 129. Suhasta, one ol tkn Soma sacrifice in gene- Sraddhft, Faith, Stirya's guards of the oelsstiit ral, 26—86. daughter, 172. Soma, 81. Fathers, 179, 220. mid- August, 56. xviii. dual, 260,301. See Self. 129. June, 51, 56, !», 209, Sound-holes for the press- Sruk, an offering-spoon, Sukra Graha, 128,164. stones, 88, 89. 8, 13, 158. Snmangsla, the ritari Southern Fire, 17i 206, Sruva, a dipping-spoon, name of a aaerififliil See Dakshinagni. 8, 13, 158. attendant, 186. Varutta,82. Tilpa. 121, 18^ 198i vami OF VAMEB, Ba SBf Sun, the, paukn; eye of 8iiflbe|n,aWinter month, Taittlifya<48anf^t&, xvn, Af^ni, 32 ; of Varuna LS4. 26, 28, 140, 188, 2(^. and Mltra, 38 ; of the SutitUnan, Qood I>^ver- TanOnapAt, Son of i^m- Univerw, 292; self- er, Indra, 85, 172. self, Agni, 24,197, 199, exitttent, 14; the Tnie, S4t*Ataatt, Soul-Thread, 238, 240, 243, 250. represented by a co- 28*1. name of a month, 139. loured stone, 156 ; SvadbA, food oflered to Tapas, the same, 56, 209. sprung from Poniaha, aooompanying sacrifi- same, 56^ 189, 209. deified objects conneet- Svagft, Qood Speed, a Sun, 213, 227; the Ian- ed with agrieulture, sacrificial benedioiioii, dful name of an 109, 220. 164, 205. Autumn month, 134. 278. mation, 11, 12, 18, 191, meaning, 224. Supreme Lord, 13, 6S, 198, 201, 205, 298. Tempest, 224. 151, 152, 304. Sv&h&kriti Goddesses. Termite(s), 98, 293. 264, 304. deified, 244. 264. liquor, 71, 85, 172,174, of the guards of the Rudra, 148. 199, 200, 204 2.!(3,256; Sv&ra, a certain Suman, 138, 265. preparer of, 256. 122. Thirty, indefinite for Surabhi, the Cow of S?ar&j, the name of a many, 18. Plenty, 289. brick, 183. Thirty-three, Gods, 187, Sdrya, the Sun-Gtod, 4, Svarga, heaven, 133, 257, 190; steps, divisions of 14, !8, 82, 33, 60, 290,304. day and night, 278. 164,167,168,214,216 brick, 116, 139. 199,254. ezpeller of evil spirits, 202, 204, 243. 157. eye of Mitra, Varuna, 183. Threads, formulas so and Agni, 58: pupil of SyAm&ka, millet, 172. called, 70. Priest of the Gods, tres, 216. na, Aryaman, 20; God- 272; the Wise Oue^ desses, Idft, Sarasvat!, 32; aacrificed, 212 ; his Tadeva, a title of Book BhAratt, 193, 200, 203, daughter, 172, 285. XXXII. regarded as an 237, 241, 242, 244, 245; Sury4, Sunlight, 285. Upanishad. bonds,248 ; great lua* 940 XNSVX OF VAUEB, VfO, treSf 05, 264; sftcrlficial ma, 76, 81, 100, 122, man, Ihft CtmIxn*, 1<^ elements, 200;~eyed, 129, 132, 198, 254. the Son, 386, ^iva, 24 ; three steps Trae, the, the Sun, 294 ; Universal Gods, 54, ff7» or oonditioiis,260. Brahma, 807, 808. 197. See Visve Devas. Tokmau, green barley, Tryambaka, a name of priests, 44." ^ 172. Rudra^ 24, 220. Untruth, anreslity, ha* Tortoise, 222 ; buried in Tutha, the Brahman manity, 2. the altar, 114, 118 ; in- priest, 40, 59. Upabhpt, one of three of- eamation of Vishnu, Tvashtar, the divine arti* fenngspoons,10, 12,18. world, 118; represents of living beings, 14, 122, 164 ; press-stone, the Sun or Prajftpati, 61, 62, 72, 85, 121, 50; Savana,51. 111. 176, 191, 193, 198, Upanishad, u, 140, 264, Tortoises, oblations to, 200,208,225,228,230, 230,304. 224. 233, 234, 287, 238,241, Uparava, sound-hole, 38, Trades and occupations, 244, 248, 251, 263, Upasads, 85, 174. 256—258, 296; creator and lord UpayAma, a saorifidvl Trayantrimsa, a hymn, of cattle, 45, 121. formula, 224. Trees, 130, 292. and Rarth or Day and of a month, 56. Ti-et&, a die. Night, 210, 242, ^rja, an Autumn mouthy Tribes, Celestia], 241, 127, 209. 128, 129, 133, 254. ma hymns, xvii, 61, V&yu, 47. Triocular, unameofSiva, 215. Urvaftf a celebrated Ap«

714Udumbara tree, 28;— saras, 34, 134. Song, 81. 84.97, 100, 116, 118, UsbQih, a Vedio metr«^ Tri8htup,one of the chief li57. 126, 136,243,245,254. 30,34,67,82,88, 95, las, 76. 213, ' 245, 254. 117, 178. Altar, representing the Trishiup bricks, 135. Ukhya, of the Fire-pan, universe and identified Trita, or Trita, an anci- Agni, lOU— 105, 107, withAgmPraj4pat|,|7;. ent Vedic deity, per- 124, 156. haps Agni as Light- Uktha, hymn of praise, VAcbaspati, hotd of ning which is his third 55,132,175,176, Speech, 51; Indra, form, 6, 7, 248, 280. Ukthya Graha, 55. 67 ; PiAna the Trivrit, triple, 132 ; Sto- Unborn, the, Visvakar- of Life, 51, nmn or ftAvn, nr. U\ Yaikaftkata wood, 85, 97, 167. Vairftja, a Sftman, 82, 123, 188, 198, 254. Yairitpn, ditto, ibid, YaiBAkha, mid-April to mid-Blay, 56. 117. Yaisvadeva Graba, Liba- tion to tbe All'Gk)d8, 164;— Nivid, 287;— Uktha, 183. Yaisvadevt brioka, 125, 126. Yaisvdnara, Common to all men, a title of Ag- ni, 29, 48, 55, 103,109, 118, 119, 125, 161,170, 188,205,225,232,254, 268, 275, 276, 278 ;— rice cake, 158;— .Graha, 164. Yaisya, a man of the peo- ple, the tliird class, 83, 129,168,172,231,255, 262. Yaisyil. a woman of the third class, 205. Yaja, Strength, 224 ; the name of one of the Ribhus, 298. Y&japeya, Draught of Strength, a Soma sa- cri6ce, 71, 75, 231. Yd,japrasavlya oblations, 75. 166. Y&jasaneya, or Y&jasa- neyi,a recension of the Yajurveda Samhitft, xvii, zix. Y4jins. Racers of the Gods, 219, 223, 225. YaJTv, Indra's weapon, thunderbolt, 25. Vak, Speech, the Word, personified, 13, 28, 29, 46, 58, 76, 120. 1?9, 188, 166. 178, 192, 804, 281,265, 278, 300. Yala, the min-withhold- ing cloud, personified, a demon of drought, 194. Yalaga, a magic charm, 38. YdlakhilyAs, bricks repre- senting the vital breathings, 127. Y&lmtki, the poet of the Rdm^yana, 225. Ytimadeva, a Yedio ]^ishi, 100. Yfttuadevya, a 100. 88; represents royalty, 186 ; made a path for the Sun, 68; God of night, 272 ; dwells in the waters of the Air* 81 ; Lord of physicians, 201 ; physician, 244 ; his noose for sinners, 42,63, 101; his three bonds, 248 ; the Waters* Child, 81. Yarupa and Mitrassky and earth, 247. Yardtrts, Protecting (God- desses, 96. Yasd, melted fat, gravy, S^man, 47. Yasft, a sacrificial cow. 64. Yanaspati, Forest-lord, Vasativart, waters used the sacrificial stake, in Soma- pressing, 48, 43.191,198,200—204, 49. 237, 241—244, 246, Ya^ha^. a sacrificial ex- 248. olamation, 55, 92, 175, Yaniv&hanam, Driving 187, 203. hither and thither of Vasishtha, a famous Ri- Agni, 103. shi, 122, 286. Yapftsrapani, a stick on Vasishthas, descendants which the omentum is of Y., 192. wrapped for roasting, Yasishtha-hanu^, a com- 46. pound of unknown Yarsha, rains year, 227. meaning. 302. Yaruna, the £!ncompas- Yasordhdrft, Stream of ser, originally the starry Riches, a sort of Con- heaven, the chief of the secration service for Adityas, 9, 10, 82, 48, Agni, 162. 138,154,168. 183.184. Vasu, Good Lord, Agni, 194, 196, 202, 204, 2t»6, 84, 102, 209, 236, 239. 225, 227, 228, 231, 236, Yasu, sacrifice, 2. 242, 244, 248—250, Yasus, a class of deities, 254, 266, 269, 271, 273, 10, 12. 18, 30, 77, 94, 274, 276, 285, 287, 95, 105, 124, 125, 169, 291, 801; moral go- 190,198,209,211,240, veraor of the world, 247,248,250,285,^97. 78, 101, 186, 196; re- Yasvl, female Yasu, the presented by Soma, 82, Soma Cow, 80. Vftt, a gsertfioial exoTa- mation, 12, 18, 297. Vata, Wind, 68, 46 ; 76, 298. Vatsa, a Vedic Riahi, 58, 118. y&taapra, a religious. rite^ 102. Yatflaprt, a Yedio Riahi, 102. Yatsara, a year of the fiy€-year oycIe,239,257. YayasyA bricks, 126. YAyu, the Wind-God, 2, 5, 26, 34, 46, 47, 71, 92, 106, 126, 172, 189, 197,205,231,237,238, 262, 264, 266, 268, 269, 273, 274, 276, 277, 280, 288, 294, 301; the Good, 294 ; frees from Bin, 187; Tvash^'s Bon-in-law, 238 ; his team of hones, 52 ; the first draught of the libation his, 52; sacri- ficed, 212. Y&yu vessels, 164, 176, 184. Yeda, a bunch of grass used in sacrifice, 13; a finder, 13. Yedadtpa, the title of a Commentary, xiz. Yedas, four, xvii, 160 ; three, 160, 170, 215. Yedi, altar, 7, 41. Yena, the Morning Sun, 53, 54, 114, 270, 271, 278, 276; Agni, 160. Yerities, the, 235. Yet, a sacrificial exclama- tion, 149. Yibhu, Yibhvan, one of the Ribhus, 298. INMS OP VAVtS, CTCS. Yiotim, binding and slaughtering of the. 45, 224, horse, ox, goat, ram, mock-maii, 120. Yiotims, hoHds of the, 114, 119; list ol the lower animal at the Asvamedha, 1^18—228. Yidliriti, Separation, two blades of grass laid cross-wise on the altar, 225. Yidyd, 807, 809, 810. See Science. Yikar^!, the name of a bnok, 139. YiWa tree, 43. Vimyidh, Averter of Scorn, orFoe-dispeller, a title of ludra, 67. Yiipfa, a onrtain hymn, 133. Yin&sa, Hiranyagjurbha, 306. Yip&s, a river of th» Prinj&b, tiie Befts» 882. Yiper, 46, 68. Yiprud-homa, Drop-obla- tion,. 55. Yir&j, offspring and pro- genitor of Puruaha^ 261. Yir&j, a Yedic metre, 76^ 197, 244, 245; the name of certain altar brioka^ 131, 133. Yirtue the world of, 188^ Yishnu, a Solar Deity, 29,' 118, 180, 208, 225, 275; sacrifice, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 29, 42, 54; guardian of oblations, 2,39,62; strodethrough earth, air, sky, 14, 88, 44,83,101, 216, 254, 885», 291; aaparated heaveu and earthy 87 ; inoariMtiona of 2S4^ 294; deeds^, 88: hU blei>i«ttg on heaven and 6arth,87; tjhe Saorifioor, 28; ^piviahta, «»; Na- randisha, 69. Yishnu-strides, 14, 88, 101. YishtArapaAkti,th»iiM[|» of a metre, 181» Yisbachikft, Cholera,. 173. Yisva, perhaps Heavei^ 91, 134. YiBv&cht,an Apsarasy IM. Yi8vadhAya8,AU-sap|M»ri» ing, the name of » aao-^ rificial oow, 2. YiBvajyoiiB, All4ighi brick, 117, 126, 18d^ Yifvakarman, OnMiifle^ ■aorifidal name of % oow, 2; Indnk 07 1 Agni, 158 ; Ydyu, 134, Pmjftpati, lis, 12«, 126, 35d-152, 169^ 170, 263; Speech, thm Word, 128 ; creatov of all things, 86, 68. Yisvftmitra, a eelebratod Rishi, 128, 286. Yisvas&maB, 167. YisTAvastt, the chief Qiai^ dhanra^ 9, 248. Yisvftyn, AU-life-8i;H?pari- ing, sacrificial name of a cow, 2. Yisve Devft^, Yiavedavaft or AU-Gods, a dasa of deities, 18, 57, 51, 109, 125,138,178,271,278; generated tha Sun, 189. Yitol Ain, or Bnathiiifs 6, 87, 126, 126, 129^ 199s^S2,lG9,ie9,tl5; 292, 800, 801 ; niRter- Woodpeokflr^ 221 deified, 150, 224, 801. nil, 81; Child of, Agni Word, th^ crmtiye, 216. 238. Soma, 206 ; sacrificial, Works, reKgioas, 804. ViTrit^ 182^ 4, 8, 1^ 16, 26, 27, See Karma. Vow,of fastiBgor absti- 172, 255; wash away 151. nence, 1, 2, 28, 189. • sfai, 26, 47. Vrata, vow, 1, 2. syAs. citations, 175. diun of Vows, Agni, 2, xz, 7l, 79, 89, 118, householder, 2. 14. 120, 140, 141, 192, Yajfta, sacrifice, 28. bund of nomad Non- 258, 263, 265, 804. rites, 164. conformists, 256. Whey, 175. TajAAyajAiya, a S&man, Vritra, the chief demon Which 9 See Ka* 100. ofdnmght, 1, 10,26, Whipof theA8vin8,52,58. YAjAikadeva, a Commen* 50, 170, 189, 270, 278, Whirlpool, 224. totor, six.

715White horse, represent- zviii, 188, 258. 81, 153. 194, 195, 201, Wild ass, 221. xviii, 170, 239. 232, 272, 279; Soma, Wild bull, 121. Tajur verses, 280. Vyamsa, 270. 255, 260, 261, 272. 298. Genius of Food, 209. 167, 214 ; Wind-God, 175. 122. See VAta, VAyu. Yama, God of the De- Wallis, Prof. H., 150, Wind-Libations, 167. parted, 36, 77, 105, 151, 261, 263, 286. Wine, SurA, 172. 108, 144,178, 179, 181. 254. Winter, 82, 123, 129, 288, 290, 295, 803; War-chariot, 167, 252. 134, 198. connected with the Warmth, 168. Winters, a hundred, 14, horse, 59, 248 ; con* Washerman, 257. 19, 255. troUer, 248, 308. various places, 79, 80, Wolf, 74, 173, 185, 200, 108. altar, 203, 243, 246. SurA, 173, 200. Yfttudh&nas, sorcerers. 224, 225, 231, 291, naspati. 140. 341 INDEX 09 MAIIB8, BTC. TavaS) the first halves of Tmir, 262. ZAOHAntiAl^ Ur. T., the fortnights of the Yoking of Agni, 168. xvili. waxing Moon, 129,130. YouthfuUest of Oods, Zenith, Lofty Pointy one Yayu, a title of the sa* Agni as continually of the regions of the erificial horse, 207. reproduced, 17, 1Q3, sky, 82, 120. a, 74, 109, 130, 239, Yiipa, SaorificUl Stake^ 33. 306. preparation and erec- Zeus patSr, IL. Years, personified, 285 ; tion of, 42 — 45 ; chip Creative Powers, 806. o^ removes sin, 62. CORRIGENDA. Page 8 line 5 read harms for harm 17 « 15 of notes read Sky ! for Shy 23 ■ 11 read merchandise for merchandize 32 « 9 of notes read text for texts 34 ■ 4 from below read Ones for One 36 v 7 of notes read the for he 38 « 19 r«a(2 Savitar for Savitars 41 » 2 of notes read Achchh&v&ka for Achhav&ka 55 » 5 of notes reac{ Br&hinan&chchhamst /or Br&hmanachhainsl '61 9 7 from below read 82 /or 31 66 ■ 6 from below read Agnldhra for AgDtdhra 75 » 1 of notes read recite for recites

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